The article is dedicated to the memory of the famous military and civilian physiologist, hygienist, doctor Boris Savin. Savin was born on January 9, 1920, passed the Great Patriotic War, from 1946 to 1975 he served in the Kirov Military-Medical Academy, where he defended his PhD and doctoral dissertations, he received the academic rank of Professor and was justly recognized as one of the leading figures in aviation medicine, who devoted his studies to the problem of impact overloads and hyperosmotic on the central nervous system and the organism as a whole.

In 1976 he headed the radiofrequency electromagnetic waves laboratory of the Institute of Occupational hygiene and professional diseases of the USSR Academy of medical Sciences and worked there for 20 years. During the years at the Institute, he has made a significant contribution to improving the hygienic regulation of electromagnetic fields occupational exposure to workers electromagnetic safety ensure. Developed under his leadership, the principles and criteria for electromagnetic fields standardization, control and protection against them, based on dose-effective dependencies of the factor's human health effects. These principles still serve as the basis for systematic solution to the problems of persons occupationally associated with electromagnetic fields sources maintenance and operation health state adverse changes prevention.

Introduction. Electromagnetic safety of power grid facilities staff requires the exclusion of electromagnetic fields (EMF) harmful effects. EMF is evaluated by 50 Hz electric and magnetic fields (EF and MF) values in the framework of working conditions special assessment, and very rarely the analysis of the electromagnetic environment (EME) is carried out in depth.

The aim of the study - EME hygienic assessment of power grid EHV facilities personnel workplace with adequate 50 Hz EF and MF levels evaluation as well as the analysis of EF and MF in the frequency range from 5 Hz to 500 Hz amplitude-frequency characteristics.

Materials and methods. 50 Hz EF and MF values assessment was carried out on open switchgears (S) of substations and within sanitary breaks of 500 and 750 kV overhead power transmission lines (OTL). Measurements along to OTL trasses was performed using matrix-based method. Measurements and analysis of EF and MF values in 5-500 Hz frequency range amplitude-frequency characteristics were performed in the territory of 500 and 750 kV S.

Results. Power frequency 50 Hz measurements results at 500 and 750 kV S ground-level personnel workplaces showed the presence of an excess of permissible limit values by EF intensity and the absence of an excess by MF. The measured EF values within 500 and 750 kV OTL sanitary gaps require limiting the working time of linemen due to the excess of the hygienic norms for full work shift, while the MP levels were almost completely within the standard values for persons not occupationally connected with electrical installations maintenance. MF and EE frequency range from 50 Hz to 500 Hz spectral characteristics analysis showed that 3rd harmonic percentage does not exceed 2.5% for EF and 6% for MF of the main level, the level of the 5th harmonic does not exceed 1% for EF and 3.5% for MF, the level of the 7th harmonic does not exceed 0.2% for EF and 0.8% for MF. These data show despite its low levels the contribution of MF different harmonics in a possible adverse impact on humane than EF corresponding harmonics.

Conclusions. There was the confirmation of the previously justified use of the "matrix" scheme for of EF and MF values measurement along OTL routes. The relevance of to EF and MF all frequency components expos ure assessing possible health risk in extremely high voltage S territories and under OTL, based on international recommendations due to the lack of sanitary regulations in the Russian Federation for >50 Hz-30 kHz EF and MF, is shown.

Introduction. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most dynamically developing, high-tech diagnostic methods. At the same time, the specific features of the electromagnetic environment and noise exposures at the medical and technical personnel operating and maintaining MRI workplaces are not well understood and are currently not taken into account when conducting a hygienic assessment of working condition in the Russian Federation.

The aim of study is scientific substantiation of the need to improve the hygienic assessment of electromagnetic and noise conditions in the workplace of the staff of MRI departments.

Materials and methods. An analytical method to evaluate the current domestic and foreign regulatory and methodological documents that determine the hygienic assessment requirements for electromagnetic environment and noise in MRI departments was used. More than 4 thousand measurements of the intensity of electromagnetic fields and noise in 88 rooms in Moscow equipped with different types of MRI (from 0,1 mT to 3 T) and studies of the performing duration various types of work and electromagnetic field and noise exposure on personnel was done. The amplitude-time and frequency parameters of the variables of the electromagnetic field (EMF) and sound pressure detailed studies have been carried out.

Results. Significant differences in controlled indicators, acceptable exposure levels, and control methods has revealed by critical analysis of domestic and foreign hygienic regulatory and methodological documents. The studies showed that the medical and technical personnel of MRI departments are exposed with high spatial and temporal gradients static magnetic fields and extreme levels of noise during diagnostic work in the immediate vicinity of the tomograph magnet. The presence of time-varying magnetic fields in a wide range of low frequencies and radio frequencies having a complicated (pulsed) waveform is a feature of the electromagnetic environment in MRI. New standardized control parameters and limit levels for low-frequency ranges magnetic fields for their adequate hygienic assessment are proposed.

Conclusion. The studies made it possible to substantiate the proposals the improving of electromagnetic field and noise hygienic assessment at the MRI staff workplaces.

Introduction. The urgency of the issue is due to the rapid development of new telecommunications and information technologies, the widespread introduction and distribution of cellular base stations (BS), which changes the conditions of contact of the population with sources of electromagnetic radiation of radio frequencies (EMR RF).

The aim of the study is to summarize the results of the analysis of the project documentation for the placement of mobile radiotelephone network BS in terms of comparability of calculated and actually measured levels of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from transmitting antennas; to determine the prospective tasks of hygienic control of the safety of the BS.

Materials and methods. For hygienic control of EMR levels, serial broadband meters PZ-42 and NBM-550 were used; the method according to MUC 4.3.1677-03 "Determination of the levels of the electromagnetic field created by radiating technical means of television, FM radio broadcasting and base stations of land mobile radio communications". 74 BS were examined, whose antennas were a source of EMR at the frequency of 2620-2640 MHz with a power of 24.2-24.4 W.

Results. The maximum length of the building restriction zone (BRZ) from the BS antennas ranged from 16 m to 101 m, regardless of the power of the radiating means, in 50% of cases the length of the BRZ was 30-45 m. In 40% of cases, BS antennas are installed on the roofs of low-rise buildings with BRZ at a height that falls to 5-10 meters from ground level. The excess of the calculated EMR values in terms of energy flux density (EFD) was determined for 50% of the BS. Instrumental measurements of EFD in 19.4% of cases showed excess remote, 11.1% - exceeding marked only by considering the expanded uncertainty (EU) measurement EFD. It was found that the values of EFD measured with EU are more closely approximated to the calculated values.

Conclusions. Substantiated recommendations on whether the calculation of the era for height and length for the lower lobes in a radiation direction of antenna, recording ratio EU of the measured values of EFD for additional health human in multivariate emitters of EMR RF. The prospective tasks of hygienic control of the safety of the BS operation are defined.

Introduction. Based on the urgency of the problem of workers and general public risk of malignant neoplasms due to power frequency (PF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) impact, which led to research on its role in leukemia development expansion in all countries, the data of 4 similar studies of the Institute of occupational health are summarized.

The aim of the study is to assess the risk of hemoblastosis in workers and general public under EMF occupational and non-occupational exposure.

Materials and methods. 4 analytical epidemiological studies were performed: 2 cohort studies and 2 case - control studies.

Results. Cohort study of 500 kV electric grid facilities personnel mortality, taking into account the electric (EF) and magnetic field (MF) exposure values, showed that the standardized relative risk (SRR) of death from all causes was 0.61; from cardiovascular diseases - 0.54, malignancies - 0.89, accidents, injuries and poisoning - 0.95. At the same time, from leukemia, SRR was increased by 2 times compared to the control (2.03), but statistically insignificant (95% CI 0.23-7.31). Retrospective case - control cancer-epidemiological study aimed at assessing the relationship between hemoblastosis various forms development and PF EMF occupational revealed to statistically unreliable increase of leukemia developing relative risk (OR) (1.64). MF mainly exposed personnel were found to have an increased risk of lymphomas developing (2.92), which was statistically significant (χ² >3,84). Cancer-epidemiological case-control study to identify a causal relationship between parents occupational EMF exposure and childhood hemoblastosis development revealed the tendency to increase the risk, more pronounced in case of fathers MF exposure as well as high-voltage equipment EMF exposure (OR=4.6 95% CI 0.6-35.0 and OR=2.7 CI 0.9-7.8). In the study of mortality of living in the vicinity of 500 and 750 kV substations and overhead transmission lines population, due to low mortality from all causes of death, there was standardized risk of death from leukemia statistically nonsignificant increased (SR-1,3 95% CI 0,2-7,0).

Conclusion. The results of studies showed a tendency to increase the risk of dying from hemoblastosis against the background of low mortality rates from other classes of diseases, which coincides with the main conclusions of most foreign publications on the problem.

Despite the fact that there are still conflicting opinions about the damage caused by modern wireless communication technologies, most scientists report on the negative biological effects of low-intensity radio frequency electromagnetic radiation at different levels of the organization of live nature. There is no doubt that there is a need not only for a sanitary and hygienic assessment of man-made electromagnetic effects on humans, but also for an environmental assessment for biota.

The purpose of the study was to assess the potential environmental risk of electromagnetic impact in the centimeter range on natural ecosystems.

The initial data were the authors' own results in the field of radiobiology of non-ionizing radiation, as well as published of other researchers. The article analyzes the biological effects of radio frequency electromagnetic fields detected in organisms of different systematic groups and levels of organization.

The data on the non-thermal biological effects of electromagnetic fields indicate a high sensitivity of different species to this factor. The analyzed research results emphasize the need to take into account the features of non-thermal effects of electromagnetic radiation on biota, since these radiations can have a negative impact on different hierarchical levels in natural ecosystems.

New and necessary improvements of electromagnetic exposure assessment principles and methods are considered and presented. The electromagnetic field exposure assessment is the physical basis for hygienic and biological research and needs s to consider the new technological features of emerging 5G mobile systems in addition to existing 2-4G systems. The new generation of telecommunication networks will cause significantly novel electromagnetic field exposure, in particular for time-frequency and spatial parameters. A complex exposure assessment based on refined broadband measurements seems to be the proper and necessary approach to the enhancement of Russian EMF assessment guidelines. Simple broadband EMF measurements are the common approach for present exposure assessment and cannot be used any longer as the only measure for multiple 5G sources exposure evaluation. Then again broadband measurements are the simple and practical approach for mm wave in-situ exposure assessment. Frequency-selective and code-selective measurements provide detailed EMF level distribution in separate frequency channels, telecommunication services or sources and are a promising approach for objective exposure assessment.

Modern working conditions of employees can be characterized by the presence of harmful factors of the working environment, including physical factors that often have a complex effect on the human body during the working shift. One of the main harmful factors of the working environment for electrical personnel is the electric field of industrial frequency, which is protected by personal protective equipment (shielding kits), which exerts an additional thermal load on the body of personnel when working outdoors in the summer.

The aim of the study was a comprehensive assessment of personal protective equipment of various configurations and their impact on the thermal state of a person in a heating environment to select the optimal configuration.

The objects of study were screening suits consisted of overalls, jacket and trousers, jacket and semi-overall. For screening suits protective properties test the possible working conditions were simulated power frequency electric field levels from 5 to 80 kV/m (grounding) and 10-100 kV/m (on wire potential).

The physiological and hygienic assessment of personal protective equipment involved 3 male volunteers. Their body constitution was selected according to typical differences of workers. Volunteers dressed in screening suit had physical activity at air temperature 34.8±0.3°C, relative humidity 48.0±3.0% and air mobility 0.15 m/s. Before and during the study parameters were recorded: skin temperature on 11 parts of body surface, clothes temperature, heart rate, body temperature in the ear canal, points of heat and moisture sensation and moisture loss was determined after the study. Before physical activity and after recovery period volunteers were measured blood pressure.

Studies of the protective properties of three sets of personal protective equipment have shown that the best protective characteristics in comparison with the other sets have a jacket and half - overalls, the worst - a jacket and trousers. The results of the physiological and hygienic evaluation of screening kits showed individual differences in the thermoregulatory reactions of all volunteers when using different sets of personal protective equipment. At the same time, large amounts of heat accumulation in the body, a high heart rate and its change, as well as a higher moisture perception score were observed during the operation of the jumpsuit.

As a result of research, the optimal configuration was chosen jacket and half-overalls, which has a moderate thermal load on the human body and has the best protective characteristics. From the point of view of the lowest voltage of thermoregulation reactions, it can be recommended to use a shielding kit as part of jacket and trousers.

The tissue microhemodynamics plays a significant role in a tissue homeostasis. Any pathological processes were changes in functioning of microhemodynamics. This is causes is significant interesting to safe methods for its correction. One of such methods is exposure to low-intensity electromagnetic radiation of the millimeter (MM) range, which has pronounced of biological activity.

The aim of the work was to identify changes in the processes of microcirculation in human skin when exposed to a low-intensity EMR MM range (wavelength - 7.1 mm; power flux density - 0.1 mW/cm²).

The study was conducted on 40 volunteer girls aged 18-20 years. The exposure of low-intensity MM radiation was carried out daily for 10 days with an exposure of 30 minutes on the area of biologically active area GI-4. Microcirculation indices were recorded by laser Doppler flowmetry both in the area of influence of MM radiation (contact point of registration) and in the symmetrical effect of the area (distant point) to detect local and systemic changes in tissue blood flow under the action of this physical factor.

The results of the study revealed for the first time that when exposed to low-intensity MM radiation, local changes in tissue blood flow in the contact point area were observed, manifested in changes in myogenic and endothelial oscillatory activity, starting from the first sessions of exposure, which indicates a decrease in peripheral resistance of precapillary sphincters and an increase in secretory activity of microvascular endothelium; changes in neurogenic oscillations-starting from the third session, which is accompanied by a decrease in arteriolar resistance; changes in pulse fluctuations - during the last tenth session of exposure, which is an indication of an increase in arteriolar blood filling. These changes were maintained during the entire period of exposure to this physical factor.

Systemic changes in microcirculation parameters at a distant symmetrical point during the course action of MM radiation were characterized by changes in the neurogenic oscillator component, starting from the third session of exposure, and changes in the amplitude of endothelial and pulse oscillations - during the tenth session.

Telecommunications industry evolution shows the highest rates of transition to high-tech systems and is accompanied by a trend of deep mutual penetration of technologies - convergence. The dominant telecommunication technologies have become wireless communication systems. The widespread use of modern wireless technologies has led to the saturation of the environment with technological electromagnetic fields and the actualization of the problems of protecting the population from them. This fundamental restructuring has led to a uniform dense placement of radiating fragments of network technologies in the mudflow areas. The changed parameters of the emitted fields became the reason for the revision of the regulatory and methodological support of electromagnetic safety. A fragmented structural, functional and parametric analysis of the problem of protecting the population from the technological fields of network technologies revealed uncertainty in the interpretation of real situations, vulnerability, weakness and groundlessness of the methodological basis of sanitary-hygienic approaches. It is shown that this applies to all stages of the electromagnetic examination of the emitting fragments of network technologies. Distrust arises on the part of specialists and the population in not only the system of sanitary-hygienic control, but also the safety of modern network technologies is being called into question. Growing social tensions and radio phobia are everywhere accompanying the development of wireless communication technologies. The basis for solving almost all problems of protecting the population can be the transfer of subjective methods and means of monitoring and sanitary-hygienic control of electromagnetic fields into the field of IT.

The functioning of the digital economy is accompanied by the intensive development of mobile communication system, the introduction of numerous wireless devices for various purposes that create radio frequency electromagnetic radiation in the human environment. It is important to solve the problems of ensuring electromagnetic safety of the population.

The aim of the study is to substantiate the need for a technical and hygienic prognosis of the impact of radio frequency of electromagnetic radiation on the population in the digital economy in order to develop science - based recommendations for the prevention of the negative impact of EMF on the health of the population. The significance of forecasting is considered on the example of the development of a mobile radio communication system.

The study included an analysis of the national program "Digital economy of the Russian Federation", "Concepts for creating and developing 5G/IMT-2020 networks in the Russian Federation", and scientific publications ELIBRARY.RU, PubMed Central Internet information platform, EMF-Portal RWTH Aachen University Internet platform, PubMed Central Internet resources and others.

The rationale for the need for continuous forecasting of the impact of radio frequency radiation on the population and the structure of the forecast are presented. The article shows the importance of forecasting for the timely development of legal acts, methodological documents, technical and organizational measures to protect the population from the effects of electromagnetic fields and the need for a systematic approach to ensuring the electromagnetic safety of the population.

In the context of the development of the digital economy, it is extremely relevant to develop a technical and hygienic forecast of the impact of radio frequency electromagnetic radiation on the population and scientific justification of measures to protect the population from EMF. When forming a forecast, it is necessary to apply a systematic approach to coordinate the entire range of measures to ensure electromagnetic safety of the population. The development of forecasts requires strong interdepartmental and interdisciplinary interaction. Research and scientific development in the field of electromagnetic safety of the population should have state funding. The "electromagnetic security" direction should be included in the national program "Digital economy of the Russian Federation".

Introduction. There is still an open question about the limits of medical use of low-intensity electromagnetic radiation of the optical range in tumor growth due to the risk of increased proliferation of tumor cells. The conditions under which the tumor process is stimulated, as well as the mechanisms of photobiomodulation in oncological pathology, remain unclear.

The aim of the study - in vitro evaluation and comparison of the effect of low-intensity electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths of 400, 460 and 660 nm on the activity of free-radical processes in tumor tissue and blood in normal and growing experimental neoplasia. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on biological material obtained from white non-linear rats intact and with subcutaneously transplanted cholangiocellular cancer MS-1. The sources of low-intensity radiation with wavelengths of 400, 460 and 660 nm were led generators. The content of hemoglobin, the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase, changes in the overall level of free radical processes and antioxidant activity by induced chemiluminescence, and DNA damage by the method of DNA comets were studied. Data analysis was performed using nonparametric statistics methods.

Results. The multidirectional effect of radiation with wavelengths of 400, 460 and 660 nm on free-radical homeostasis indicators at the early and late stages of tumor growth, as well as the dependence of biological effects on the wavelength of radiation, was found. Conclusions. The results obtained allow making a number of assumptions about the mechanisms of action of the optical electromagnetic waves on tumor growth, modulating free radical processes in the tumor-bearing organism.

An experimental assessment of the clinical manifestations of corneal injuries of the rabbit-eyed eyes closed under the influence of high-intensity electromagnetic radiation (EMR) in the microwave range was carried out. Similar studies have been conducted when exposed to high-intensity EMR ultrahigh frequency (UHF) on the open eye of a rabbit. Dose- and frequency-dependent changes in the cornea of the rabbit eye exposed to EMR frequencies of 3.97 GHz and 1.27 GHz with an average energy flux density (EFD) of 1 W/cm² were revealed. It has been established that a high-intensity direct short-term exposure to a microwave EMF can lead to damage to even a closed eye. Radiation of the UHF range, which is close in intensity and exposure, in addition to direct damage to the cornea of the open eye, causes slight damage to the external structures of the open paired eye, which is not directly affected. The aforementioned necessitates the development of means and methods of individual protection of the organ of vision of personnel for protection against short-term exposure to powerful electromagnetic radiation of the radio frequency range.

In the purpose to ensure the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population living on the territory near the military aerodrome calculated assessment of the geometry and size of the sanitary protection zone (SPZ) was carried out based on aerodrome radiation sources electromagnetic fields (EMF) level and the requirements of current legislation in electromagnetic safety. The analysis showed that the calculated levels of total EMF exposure outside the technical (adjacent) territory are significantly lower than the established maximum permissible for the population. The results obtained allow us to prevent the possibility of developing an inadequate (hyperbolized) perception (radiophobia) of the danger of exposure to this factor, as well as rental behavior of people living in these territories.