Work conditions of drivers are characterized by combined exposure to occupational factors: noise, local and general vibration, unfavorable microclimate, chemical hazards, work intensity and hardiness. The study revealed regional cities where most workplaces in automobile transport enterprises do not correspond to hygienic norm Findings are that level of occupational morbidity of drivers in the region 3 times exceeds the general one in Russia. Main causes of occupational diseases in drivers are constructional drawbacks of cars and mechanisms (57%), and flaws in technologic process (36%). Based on autocorrelation analysis, the authors received a linear trend demonstrating tendency to increased level of occupational diseases in this sphere over 2008–2015. The maximal risk of occupational diseases is associated with workers aged over 50, and with length of service over 20 year In the occupational diseases structure, locomotory disorders (44%) prevailed. The study results were used for risk-oriented direction in Rospotrebnadzor activity.

Morphologic and immunohistochemical studies of lung tissue covered miners with average length of underground service 20.4±2.0 year Findings are that in pneumoconiosis the studied tissue demonstrates marked expression of collagen I, III, IV types mostly in vascular and bronchial area Increased production of collagen is due to epithelial mesenchymal transformation process. Pneumoconiotic process is based on synergetic relationship between basal membranes collagen decay as an initial factor of the process and fibroplastic changes in vessels and bronchi.

To study influence of local vibration on vegetative nervous system state in vibration disease patients, the authors studied variability of heart rhythm in active orthostatic test. The main group included 55 patients of NII KPGPZ clinic, aged 40–60, who worked in occupational vibration conditions over many year. The results obtained were compared with analogous parameters of heart rhythm variability in group of 14 individuals of the same age, who had no contact with occupational vibration (reference group). The study revealed failure of vegetative regulation in vibration disease patients with lower adaptational body capacity. Markers of vegetative disorders severity were also detected, to evaluate the condition prognosi.

The authors presented results concerning evaluation of health risk for workers of main workshops in metallurgic industrial complex, caused by occupational factor Evaluation covered chronic intoxication risk, acute toxic effects risk, risk of nonspecific exposure to noise, risk of dist-related occupational disease Maximal risk level due to nonspecific exposure to noise was revealed for annealer and blacksmith on hammers and pres. Risk of occupational diseases due to dust in workers 2.28–4.18 times exceeds the acceptable one. The authors revealed occupational groups of metallurgists with the highest degrees of occupational risk: steel founder, steel founder helper of electric furnace, steel founder of extra-furnace steel processing, crane operator of metallurgic industry, metal heater, samples polisher, charging machine operator, refractory operator. Priority toxic chemicals with higher share in occupational risks are: nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, suspended particle Based on occupational risk evaluation for metallurgic industrial complex workers, the authors suggested a complex of medical prophylactic measure.

The authors studied toxic properties of 2-methoxybenzoic acid for its hygienic regulation in the air of workplace. Values of average lethal dose (DL50) for male rats, male mice and female mice equal 5945, 3183 and 3030 mg/kg respectively. 2-methoxybenzoic acid is a highly dangerous substance (2nd jeopardy class). Clinical manifestations of the acute poisoning included adynamia, lower body temperature, tremor, periodic clonic and tonic convulsions. The chemical has average cumulative ability — cumulation coefficient is 3.03, with moderate irritative action on skin, but no skin resorption and sensibilizing activity, intense irritative influence on eyes mucosa (2nd jeopardy class). Acute inhalation action threshold is 33.9 mg/m³. Approximate safe level of exposure to 2-methoxybenzoic acid in the air of workplace is 0.5 mg/m³.

Using «Cytoreactor-dihydroquercetin» adaptogen for long inspiration of coal stock dust normalizes metabolic processes, decreases dystrophic changes and prevents formation liver necrosis.

The article covers contents and objectives of scientific fields connected with study of human states in work, influence of occupational conditions and occupational environment factors on human health. The authors used specifications of scientific specialties “occupational medicine”, “hygiene” and “labor psychology”, and descriptions of these specialties and their units “industrial hygiene” and “labor physiology” in literature. The consideration covered field of research for the scientific branches, objects of the study, direction of occupational environment factors and their influence on workers’ health. For the “labor psychology” specialty, the authors defined fields of research related to occupational medicine objective Findings are that using scientific armory of labor psychology is helpful for solving psycho-hygienic and medical prevention problems aimed to preservation and improvement of workers’ health.

The review summarizes contemporary literature data on mechanisms of immune respose to development of occupational lung diseases due to dust. Experimental data are compared to results of clinical examinations of workers engaged into main occupations of coal extracting industry. The authors demonstrate universal pathogenetic immune mechanisms underlying formation of lung diseases due to dust, and specific reactions associated with duration of antigen intake by the body.

The review summarizes contemporary literature data on unfavorable influence of chemical factors on health state of workers engaged into chemical pharmaceutic enterprise Among occupational and occupationally conditioned diseases of chemical pharmaceutic industry workers, the leading places are occupied by diseases caused by long work in relatively moderate concentrations of chemical hazard The authors compared results of clinical examinations of workers in JSC «Organika» in 1985 and in 2009–2016. Findings are unfavorable picture with prevalent respiratory diseases — that necessitates thorough study of toxic effects of chemicals used or obtained in medical preparations synthesis.

The review of literature data concerns pathomorphology of pneumoconiosis in workers engaged into coal and mining industry. The authors analyzed contemporary views of pathogenesis of histologic changes in viscera, caused by long exposure to industrial dust. Issue is also a contradictory viewpoints concerning both mechanisms and trigger factors of these change.

The authors analyzed changes in spectral parameters of heart rhythm variability during active orthostatic test in patients with vasovagal syncope, residing in Novokuznetsk city. Findings are that industrial city inhabitants even in yough age present disorders of sympathic vasomotor regulation, that manifest in orthostasis with decreased parameter of low frequency variations more than by 50% of initial value Relative sympathetic dominance is supported by more marked increased of parasympathetic activity (power of high-frequency variations is decreased more than by 80%). Decrease in tonic vagal influence enables to increase chronotropic heart function. Orthostatic tachycardia appears in increased power of very low frequency variations during the test — that proves increased serum catecholamines level. Thus, spectral analysis of heart rhythm variability is effective in finding the cause of orthostatic disorder.

The authors studied possibility to decrease toxic occupational effects while using dry protein composite mixtures in medical prophylactic nutrition of workers exposed to occuptational hazards.

The study was conducted on a machinery building enterpirse of Povolzhsky Federal District, covered a main group of 34 examinees. This group received dry protein composite mixtures (60 g) daily during 21 days as a cocktail in dinner break. The mixture appeared to cause definite positive changes in peripheral blood: normalized ratio of various WBC subpopulations and their absolute quantity, lower and normalized previously diagnosed eosinophilia and lymphocytosis. High biologic value protein, when added to the diet, increases detoxification ability in exposure to occupational hazards. Using protein composite mixture causes positive changes in free radical oxidation in the workers.

Part of Altai territory is used as an area for falling separable parts of carrier rockets launched from Baikonur cosmodrome. Over 50 years, sough-western part of the territory is exposed to negative factors of space-rocket activitie. Main indicator of this exposure is health state of the inhabitant The authors present results of dynamic analysis of diseases prevalence among the children of Altai territory, neighboring region of falling separable parts of “Proton” type carrier rocket The study covered results of 4 thorough medical examinations of inhabitants in Sentelek settlement of Charysh region in Altai territory, via expedition method in 1999, 2006, 2011 and 2015. Findings are features of significance, prevalence of certain classes of the diseases and their dynamic.

The authors studied relationship between life quality of population inKemerovoregion and prevalence of occupational diseases and tuberculosis in municipal counties and municipal districts in the region. So, occupational diseases inKemerovoregion are widely distributed among the population in coal metallurgic and chemical specializations of economy — i.e. within industrial and transport zone characterized by relative economic well-being and higher life quality. Tuberculosis is more frequent in population of the districts with low life quality, in rural and forestry zone.