The study results stressed considerable contribution of technogenic environmental pollution in cities with developed copper industry into individual health risk of Sverdlovsk region population.

The authors suggest to supplement a method evaluating individual occupational risk with tree blocks of occupational and non-occupational risk factors: index of sanitary legislation requirements fulfilment according to experts evaluation; lifestyle index with individual biologic and behavioral risk factors consideration; index of social well-being, considering social economic and social psychologic risk factors at workplace.

In copper alloys production, workers engaged into the process are exposed to occupational hazards with leading one being high-dispersed dust of complex chemical composition. The workers of main occupations demonstrate increased prevalence of respiratory diseases, digestive diseases, peripheral nervous system disorders - that necessitates implementation of complex measures both in improvement of work conditions and in medical prophylaxis.

The authors suggested scientific and methodic approaches based on hygienic and medical prophylactic technologies to define carcinogenically dangerous occupations with unacceptable level of occupational carcinogenous risk, to control oncogenesis predictors in these occupations, to diagnose early stages of oncologic diseases, to specify medical and prophylactic measures aimed to decrease oncologic morbidity.

Analysis of longstanding occupational morbidity helped to determine enterprises forming occupational morbidity in Sverdlovsk region and occupations with most frequently registered these diseases among the workers. In the priority occupations of the enterprises, medial and prophylactic measures are designed and implemented to prevent occupational and occupationally conditioned diseases, from medical examinations to rehabilitation in sanatoriums of the enterprises, with consideration of all financial sources.

The article covers a problem of soil pollution degree, that can be caused by industrial releases into atmosphere.

Stable suspensions of NiO and/or Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles with average diameter 16,7±8,2 nm and 18,4±5,4 nm respectively, obtained via laser ablation of the metals with 99,99% purification in deionized water, were injected intraperitoneally into rats in dose of 0,5 mg or 0,25 mg three times per week up to 18 times separately or in various dose combinations. A group of rats received combined injections of nanoparticles in the highest dose or merely water with oral «bioprotector complex» containing pectin, vitamins A, C and E, glutamate, glycine, N-acetylcysteine, selenium, iodine and polyunsaturated fatty acids of omega-3 class. Intoxication development was assessed through multiple functional parameters and histologic changes in liver, spleen, kidneys and brain. Nickel and manganese accumulation in these organs was measured via various methods. Both types of metallic oxide nanoparticles appeared to be hazardous for body, but Mn₃O₄ caused more harm according to major nonspecific toxicity manifestations. Moreover, they caused more intense injury to caudate nucleus and hippocamp neurons - that can be considered as an experimental model of manganese parkinsonism. Mathematic analysis based on response pattern revealed ambiguity of the combined toxicity type, depending on the effects assessed and on its level. Due to the bioprotector complex, organic and systemic toxicity and genotoxicity of Mn₃O₄ and NiO nanoparticles combined were diminished.

Extremely high toxicity of metal-containing nanoparticles necessitates search of methods to increase body resistance against its harmful effects. The authors' experiments summarized in the article demonstrated that some combinations of certain biologically active substances selected according to sound theoretic background and prescribed in harmless doses can significantly decrease integral and specific manifestations of organ and system toxicity and even genotoxicity of such nanoparticles. Further development of this research direction should be recommended for practical implementation.

The article covers problem of sanitary protective zones, from a viewpoint of present ecologic decisions and economic contents, and approach to calculation of more optimal relationships between them.

The article covers a method for zoning of natural technogenic geosystem (exemplified by territory of ash-heap from métallurgie enterprise - one of the major metallurgic enterprises in Russia). The method is based on main principles of systemic approach and enables objective evaluation of space-time spread of pollution for effective management solutions. The studied territory appeared to be assigned to “dangerous” pollution category and requires specification and implementation of effective nature protection measures, with primary step of systematic monitoring of all environmental components including biota - that enables consideration of its results in geosystem studies and gives information for forecasting ecologic state of environment.

The authors justified actuality and significance of new International Standard ISO 45001, containing universal requirements to management systems for work safety and workers' health preservation. Analysis covered conceptual and key theses of ISO/DIS 45001: 2016 standard project. Comparative evaluation covered contents of standards ISO 45001: 2016, ISO 9001: 2015 and ISO 14001: 2015. The authors demonstrated expedience of using integrated system of management as a preventive measure helping to prevent traumatism and occupational diseases in occupational activity. Special attention was paid to risk-oriented thinking in decision making for safe work conditions.

The standard ISO 45001 and poor translation of its title in Russian are discussed. The mortality rates from occupational diseases and injuries are compared as well as risk of sudden cardio-vascular death. The priority of occupational health as compared to safety is proven and some ways of amelioration of the system are suggested.