Introduction. Scientific research convincingly proves the presence of a complex of harmful and dangerous natural, climatic and professional risk factors at Arctic production sites.

The study aim is to scientifically substantiate the criteria for assessing the individual susceptibility of a shift worker to the hazardous effects of polar stress.

Materials and methods. The object of the study was risk factors associated with the adverse effects of polar stress, as well as workers engaged in shift work in the Arctic. At the 1^st stage of the study, 87 workers were examined using the case-control method. At the 2^nd stage of the study, a systematic analysis of the results of 12 epidemiological studies was carried out.

Results. The population relative risk of developing arterial hypertension in shift workers was R=1.2 (1.1–1.5), (p<0.05) with an average Arctic work experience of 6.18+3.0 years. The results of research made it possible to determine the criteria for assessing the phenogenetic determinants that modify the risk of health disorders associated with stress-induced changes. Based on the principles of comorbidity, a methodology has been developed for quantitatively assessing the risk of individual susceptibility to the hazardous effects of polar stress. A list of health disorders has been determined, the occurrence, severity of the clinical course and outcomes of which are etiologically and pathogenetically associated with stress. This list includes 12 classes of diseases.

Limitations. The small sample size and participation of only men of working age in the study are limitations of this study. The proposed methodology for predictive assessment of the individual susceptibility is limited to exposure conditions related to the category of hazardous, which can lead to a sudden sharp deterioration in health or death in the first 10 days of a 30-day shift or on the 40 or 55 days of an extended shift.

Conclusions. The results of the studies prove the validity of the widespread use of diagnostic criteria of personalized medicine in a set of preventive measures aimed at increasing the effectiveness of pre-shift medical examinations of workers engaged in work in the Arctic.

Ethics. The study was conducted in compliance with the norms of biomedical ethics in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the relevant GPT (Good Clinical Practice) standards. The protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Tyumen Cardiology Research Center (No. 183 06.02.2023).

Contributions:
Chashchin M.V. — concept and design, introduction of fundamental changes, writing the text, editing;
Samoilova E.P. — study design, statistical data processing, writing the text;
Gapon L.I. — significant contribution to the concept and structure of the study, approval of the final version;
Torki E.V. — collection and processing of material, statistical data processing, writing the text, editing;
Aleksandrovich E.L. — collection and processing of material, statistical data processing;
Umanskaya D.I. — collection and processing of material;
Levitsky B.I. — significant contribution to the structure of the analysis;
Zelenkin A.V. — collection and processing of material.

Funding. The study had no funding.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received: 07.08.2025 / Accepted: 14.08.2025 / Published: 05.10.2025

Introduction. The impact on livestock workers of a complex of harmful industrial conditions is associated with health risks. The high level of general morbidity and an increase in the number of occupational diseases, as well as a decrease in labor productivity, emphasize the need to develop effective measures to improve working conditions and protect workers' health.

The study aims to devise a set of measures designed to prevent the negative impact of hazardous working conditions on employees in modern livestock facilities.

Materials and methods. Hygienic assessment of working conditions and analysis of the results of periodic medical examinations, survey data of employees of modern livestock complexes were carried out.

Results. The study showed that concentrations of hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and ammonia in the workplace of livestock complexes exceed the maximum permissible concentration by 1.22–2.0 times, and dust by 1.62–18.5 times. The work of livestock breeders is associated with significant physical exertion. The working conditions of the animal care workers, the feed preparation shop, and the maternity ward were the most unfavorable (general assessment of working conditions 3.2). The highest incidence was recorded among employees of the feed preparation shop (76.4–76.8%).

Limitations. The study is limited by the number of employees, the number of research objects, and the volume of data on the results of periodic medical examinations.

Conclusions. The results of the study serve as the basis for the development of effective measures to improve working conditions and preserve the health of workers in modern livestock complexes and increase labor productivity.

Ethics. The study was conducted in compliance with ethical principles, including voluntary participation of workers and confidentiality of their data.

Acknowledgement. The author expresses gratitude to the workers of the livestock complexes LLC "Khastinapur Livestock Complex" and the "OTABEK-D" farm for their participation in the study, as well as to colleagues from the Bukhara State Medical Institute for their support in conducting the research.

Funding. The study had no funding.

Conflict of interest. The author declares no conflict of interest.

Received: 27.05.2025 / Accepted: 15.09.2025 / Published: 05.10.2025

Introduction. Despite the improvement of working conditions, the installation of modern equipment, and the improvement of the ventilation system, the occupational morbidity of aluminum production workers remains high. Exposure to chemicals, the most important of which are hydrofluoride and fluoride compounds, can lead not only to the formation of occupational diseases, but also contributes to the development of general somatic pathology, which contributes mainly to the health of aluminum production workers.

The study aims to consider the biochemical blood parameters of aluminum industry workers who come into contact with fluoride and its compounds in order to search for early biomarkers of occupational and occupational-related pathology risks.

Materials and methods. The specialists have examined 52 aluminum production workers who have been in contact with fluorine and its compounds for a long time (more than 15 years) and 95 Novokuznetsk residents who have never worked in harmful working conditions (comparison group).

Results. The authors have found that workers who have been working in aluminum production for a long time without occupational and general somatic diseases have lipid metabolism disorders (increased levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), changes in protein metabolism (decreased levels of total protein and γ-globulins), increased levels of gamma-glutamyltransferase, bilirubin, C-reactive protein, hypercoagulation (increased levels of soluble fibrin-monomer complexes and a decreased prothrombin ratio), which may be due to the hepatotoxic effect of fluoride and its compounds.

Limitations. This study is limited to a sample of workers in the main aluminum production professions undergoing examination at the Research Institute of Complex Hygiene Problems and Occupational Diseases. Persons who refused to sign an informed consent were excluded from the study. The age group of workers from 38 to 57 years old, with long-term work experience under the influence of harmful industrial factors — more than 15 years, was studied. The study did not include individuals with established occupational and somatic diseases.

Conclusion. Aluminum production workers who come into contact with fluorine and its compounds for a long time develop disorders of lipid and protein metabolism, hypercoagulation, possibly related to the hepatotoxic effect of fluorine and its compounds.

Ethics. The examination of patients corresponded to the ethical standards of the Bioethical Committee of the Scientific Research Institute of Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases (Minutes of meeting No. 4, §2 of November 18, 2021), developed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association (ed. 2013). All examined persons gave written informed consent to participate in the study.

Contributions:
Panev N.I. — research concept and design, data collection and processing, text writing, editing;
Krasilnikova P.L. — data collection and processing, writing text;
Filimonov S.N. — editing;
Rumple O.A. — data collection, editing;
Semenova E.A. — data collection.

Funding. The study had no funding.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received: 25.08.2025 / Accepted: 27.08.2025 / Published: 05.10.2025

The implementation of the classical approach to justifying standards for safe content of substances in the air of the working zonehas some disadvantages: duration, labor intensity, and use of a large number of animals. Accelerated standardization methods are applicable in case of vast range of unregulated substances.

At the current stage of development of industrial toxicology, when standardizing using accelerated methods, it has become possible to use progressive digital technologies (for example, the QSAR Toolbox software product), as well as the capabilities of mathematical modeling and risk analysis methodology. However, the relevance of the obtained data on the toxic properties and danger of a chemical substance, their adequate implementation for the purposes of hygienic standardization depends on the level of professional competence and training of the toxicologist expert.

To identify critical toxic effects on animals for substances that do not accumulate and have long-term consequences, a 28‑day experiment is optimal in duration.

Ethics. This study did not require the conclusion of the ethics committee.

Contributions:
Vasilkevich V.M. — general concept of the study, writing an abstract, conclusions and editing the text of other sections of the article, formulating generalized conclusions on the text and conclusions;
Evtereva A.A. — research design, search for material and its selection, text writing, design and editing.

Funding. The study had no funding.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received: 02.07.2025 / Accepted: 09.07.2025 / Published: 05.10.2025

Physical and mental health, a positive perception of oneself and one's surroundings, activity and efficiency are the main indicators of well-being. However, given the complexity of this phenomenon and the different approaches to its assessment, it is necessary to clarify the concept of occupational well-being in occupational health and medicine knowledge systems. There is a significant need to develop and update regulatory legal acts and methodological recommendations for assessing, monitoring and preventing risks of physical and mental health disorders in the workplace, taking into account industrial and environmental factors, the harmful effects of which on a person create unfavorable conditions for his life and determine the level of risk. the state of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population as a whole.

Managed occupational risk factors for occupational well-being include hygienic (physical and chemical risk factors in the workplace); epidemiological (infectious risk factors and a high risk of infection associated with the performance of work duties); psychosocial (high occupational stress and emotional burnout); organizational and infrastructural (shift work, night shifts, regime violations jobs, etc.).

As a result of the analysis of published studies, the authors have found that the subjective perception of professional well‑being, as well as its objective characteristics, are closely related to stress in the working environment, the rate of aging of the body and the corresponding risks of violations of the physical, hormonal and mental health of employees, which can be significantly influenced by harmful factors of the working environment and the labor process. To a certain extent, these conditions meet the criteria for classifying them as health disorders related to working conditions, which, in accordance with current legislation, require the development and adoption of measures to prevent them. However, the implementation of these requirements has not yet been fully methodically ensured.

Contributions:
Meltzer A.V. — concept and design of research, collection and processing of material, writing, editing;
Chashchin V.P. — concept and design of research, collection and processing of material, writing, editing;
Erastova N.V. — concept and design of research, collection and processing of material, writing, editing;
Volochkova A.I. — collection of material and data processing.

Funding. The study had no funding.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received: 15.08.2025 / Accepted: 28.08.2025 / Published: 05.10.2025

Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS) is characterized by polysymptomatic manifestations involving peripheral nerves, joints, and periarticular tissues. Ultrasonography (US) represents a promising diagnostic modality for detecting structural changes in HAVS, though existing studies remain fragmentary.

The aim of the study is to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of ultrasonographic changes in joints, periarticular tissues, and peripheral nerves in HAVS patients compared to controls, and analyze their correlation with clinical and electrophysiological parameters.

The study enrolled 89 HAVS patients (riveters, miners) and 39 control subjects. All participants underwent clinical examination, electroneuromyography (ENMG), and US assessment of upper extremities including evaluation of wrist, elbow, and shoulder joints, periarticular tissues, and peripheral nerves.

HAVS patients demonstrated significantly higher prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome (39.1% vs 16.1%, p=0.02). Compared to controls, they showed increased cross-sectional area (CSA) of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel (11.1 mm² vs 9.55 mm², p=0.004) and greater perineurium thickness (0.7 mm vs 0.5 mm, p=0.001). Median nerve CSA correlated with vibration exposure duration (r=0.188, p=0.015) and HAVS severity (p<0.001). Increased ulnar nerve CSA was associated with elbow osteoarthritis (p=0.031) and epicondylitis (p=0.023).

US reveals specific pathological changes in HAVS. Diffuse median nerve enlargement without compression signs may serve as a potential diagnostic marker for HAVS.

Limitations. Study limitations include relatively small sample size, lack of assessment for individual movement patterns, and restricted US methodology.

Ethics. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research (Protocol No. 2 dated March 17, 2025).

Contributions:
Zueva Y.I. — concept and design of the study, data collection and processing, statistical analysis, writing the text, and editing;
Lakhman O.L. — concept and design of the study, editing of the article;
Rusanova D.V. — collection of material and data processing, editing of the article;
Slivnitsyna N.V. — material collection and data processing.
All co-authors — approving of the final version of the article and ensuring the integrity of all parts of the article.

Funding. Funding was provided as part of the implementation of the State assignment for fundamental scientific research.

Conflict of interest. The author declares no conflict of interest.

Received: 26.07.2025 / Accepted: 26.08.2025 / Published: 05.10.2025

Minimizing occupational health hazards in the industrial sector is one of the priority tasks of occupational medicine. The study is devoted to establishing the relationship between individual genetic characteristics and hypertensive diseases in ferrous metallurgy workers. Its relevance is determined by the need to form risk groups and develop preventive measures aimed at maintaining long-term work ability of employees.

The aim of the study is to determine the relationship between the rs4880 polymorphism of the SOD2 gene and hypertensive diseases (ICD-10 code range I10–I15) in workers of the converter plant.

The study involved 354 male workers of a metallurgical plant aged 30 to 59 years. The observation group consisted of 203 workers of the converter plant. The reference group included 151 workers of the administrative and management departments of the enterprise. DNA was isolated from whole blood using the Lumipure kit (Lumiprobe, Russia). Polymorphism was determined by RT-PCR using the SNP-Screen commercial test kit (Syntol, Russia). The workers were then grouped based on the results of genotyping. We conducted the nonparametric Mann–Whitney test and the Kruskal–Wallis test and calculated the odds ratio when analyzing the values of the parameters.

The analysis revealed that the risk of hypertensive diseases was higher in carriers of the TT genotype of the SOD2 gene in the main group of male workers of the converter plant (OR=2.019; 95% CI: 1.063–3.833; p=0.03). Moreover, the mutant homozygous TT genotype, as well as the T allele, were shown to be associated with higher blood pressure values.

The rs4880 polymorphism in the SOD2 gene can be considered as a risk factor for the occurrence and development of hypertensive diseases in male workers of the converter plant.

Limitations. We did not establish the main occupational hazards the subjects were exposed to.

Ethics. Ethics approval was provided by the Local Ethics Committee of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers (protocol No. 1 of February 26, 2021); the study was conducted in accordance with the generally accepted scientific principles of the WMA Declaration of Helsinki 2013.

Contribution:
Bereza I.A. — study concept and design, data collection and processing, writing the text;
Kikot A.M. — study concept and design, data collection and processing, writing the text;
Shaikhova D.R. — study concept and design, data collection and processing, writing the text;
Sutunkova M.P. — study concept and design, editing;
Bokovoi V.D. — data collection and processing, editing;
Polianina D.D. — data collection and processing, editing;
All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.

Conflict of interests. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Received: 13.08.2025 / Accepted: 25.08.2025 / Published: 05.10.2025

The restructuring of the coal industry, the priority of which was to focus on less costly, high-performance technologies for open-pit coal mining, determines the need for a review and detailed scientific justification of the modern assessment of health risk factors for workers at the Kuzbass coal mines.

The study aims to consider the structure of cardiovascular diseases with an assessment of the main risk factors for their development in workers of Kuzbass coal mines.

The authors have analyzed the results of periodic medical examinations of 11 255 workers of the main professions of Kuzbass coal mines with an in-depth examination of 139 drivers.

Results. The structure of the main diseases of the circulatory system in workers of Kuzbass coal mines is represented by hypertension of the 1^st and 2^nd degrees, coronary heart disease, cardiac arrhythmia, high blood pressure in the absence of a diagnosis. The main harmful industrial risk factors to the health of coal mine workers are: local and general vibration, physical overload, exposure to coal dust, noise, and microclimate. The degree of negative effect of these factors is directly dependent on the duration of their impact — the age of the employee and work experience. Of the modifiable risk factors for the development of circulatory system diseases in coal mine workers, the general pathogenetic line comes out in the first place — obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia. Significant risk factors also include impaired carbohydrate tolerance and diabetes mellitus, smoking and physical inactivity.

Identification of traditional modifiable risk factors for the development of circulatory system diseases in coal mine workers, such as obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, impaired carbohydrate tolerance, having a common pathogenetic line, their correction and monitoring using an automated system will achieve adherence to treatment and reduce cardiovascular disasters.

Limitations. The study is limited to the number of coal mine workers who underwent periodic medical examinations in 2023 at the regional occupational pathology center.

Ethics. The examination of patients corresponded to the ethical standards of the Bioethical Committee of the Scientific Research Institute for Complex Problems of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases (Minutes of meeting No. 4, §2 dated November 18, 2021), developed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association (ed. 2013). All examined persons gave written informed consent to participate in the study.

Contributions:
Chasskikh E.V. — the concept and design of research, writing the text;
Korotenko O.Yu. — material collection and data processing, statistical processing, text writing;
Mikhailova N.N. — writing text, editing.

Funding. The study had no funding.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received: 08.07.2025 / Accepted: 27.08.2025 / Published: 05.10.2025