Peripheral markers of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of vibration disease

Introduction. In modern literature, there is a growing interest in neuroinflammation as one of the pathogenetic factors characteristic of vibration disease (VD). Despite the widespread use of biomarkers in the diagnosis of neurological disorders, there is still no consensus on their diagnostic and clinical significance. In this regard, the specification of the issues of VB pathogenesis is a necessary basis for substantiating personalized predictive diagnostic and treatment methods.

The study aims to systematize and analyze the results of many years of research devoted to the study of neuroimmunochemical mechanisms underlying the formation and development of vibration disease in order to substantiate informative markers of early and differential diagnosis.

Materials and methods. The scientific materials of long-term research devoted to the study of neuroimmunochemical mechanisms underlying the formation and development of VB are systematized, analyzed and summarized, followed by the substantiation of informative markers of early and differential diagnosis. During the study, the authors have analyzed the subpopulation composition of lymphocytes, cytokines, neurotrophins, antibodies (AB) to nervous tissue proteins, heat shock proteins, hormones, polymorphisms of the BDNF (rs6265), CNTF (rs1800169), dopamine receptors DRD2/ANKK1 (rs1800497) and DRD4 (rs1800955) genes.

Results. Neuroinflammation in VB, as in other diseases of the nervous system, is characterized by a significant number of sequentially occurring and parallel neuroimmunobiochemical reactions that regulate each other. A systematic analysis of the studies performed made it possible to show the role of cytokines, neuro-AB, neurotrophins, and molecular genetic markers of the dopaminergic system in the pathogenesis of VB and to substantiate the most significant diagnostic markers. Despite the universality of the immunobiochemical processes of neuroinflammation, biomarkers for a specific pathology are of some importance in diagnosis, taking into account concomitant diseases and the severity of the course. At the same time, individual biomarkers are not always objective indicators of certain disorders, but their combination will help both in the diagnosis and monitoring of the course of VB.

Limitations. The limitations of this work may be surveys performed during different periods.

Conclusion. The most significant diagnostic markers of neuroinflammation in VB include both elevated and decreased parameters of cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IL-1b, TNFa), neurotrophins (dopamine, BDNF, CNTF, and S100), AB to nervous tissue and neurotransmitters (S100, MBM, V-zav. Ca-channel, Ach-R, Gly-R, GABA-R, DA-R, Ser-R, M-OR, B-end), which indicate the severity of changes in the nervous system, and in combination with clinical data may be the basis for improving approaches to early diagnosis and severity of the course the pathological process.

Ethics. In the course of the study, the Ethical standards of the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association "Ethical Principles of conducting Scientific medical research with human Participation" (2024) were observed, with the signing of informed consent to participate in the study. There is a conclusion of the Local Ethics Committee of the East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research for all completed studies.

Contributions:
Bodienkova G.M. — concept and design of research, collection and processing of material;
Lakhman O.L. — text editing;
Boklazhenko E.V. — collection and processing of material;
Shevchenko O.I. — collection and processing of the material;
Rusanova D.V. — collection and processing of the material;
Kurchevenko S.I. — collection and processing of material;
Chistova N.P. — collection and processing of the material;
All co-authors — approving the final version of the article and ensuring the integrity of all parts of the article.

Funding. The work was carried out within the Framework of funds intended for the implementation of the state assignment of the East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received: 16.03.2026 / Accepted: 06.04.2026 / Published: 02.06.2026

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