Imbalance of cell differentiation clusters associated with contamination of biological media by lanthanides in workers of the titanium and rare metals recovery and distillation workshop

The professional activity of a person, depending on the working conditions, modifies the regulation of a single homeostatic mechanism, ultimately forming a breakdown of adaptation associated with an imbalance of immunological
parameters.

The study aims to evaluate changes in the surface molecules of leukocytes of the immune system specifically induced by the presence of lanthanides in workers in the production environment.

The authors examined 88 people working in the metallurgical industry. The observation group consisted of 24 people with an average work experience of 7.4±0.9 years, the comparison group included 64 people with an average work experience of 7.3±0.9 years. The scientists determined the identification of membrane markers (CD11a, CD277⁺, CD304⁺) by flow cytometry, and they also identified specific IgG to lanthanides by allergosorbent testing.

Excessive concentrations of lanthanides in the blood are formed in workers of the titanium and rare metals recovery and distillation workshop, which are reliably associated with indicator indicators of cellular differentiation of immune regulation clusters: inhibition of expression of immunological phenotypes CD11a, CD304⁺, CD277⁺, hyperproduction of specific IgG class reagins to lanthanides. The established immunological scenario is characteristic of the phenotypic characteristics of classical dendritic cells involved in autoimmune inflammatory reactions during the formation of vascular disorders of the central nervous system in workers in these production conditions.

The results obtained indicate that under conditions of industrial exposure to rare earth metals (lanthanides), workers in the workshop for the recovery and distillation of titanium and rare metals form maladaptive processes of disorders of immune regulation and expression of mediators of cellular differentiation, the markers of which include inhibition of cellular immunity associated with neurovascular mediators (CD11a, CD277⁺, CD304⁺), hyperproduction of specific IgG to lanthanides.

Ethics. The study was approved by the Ethics committee of Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies. All patients were informed about the purpose of the study, and voluntary informed consent was obtained.

Contribution:
Dolgikh O.V. — research concept and design;
Shirinkina A.S. — data collection and processing;
Alikina I.N. — data collection and processing;
All authors — writing of the text, editing.

Funding. The study had no funding.

Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interests.

Received: 13.02.2024 / Accepted: 22.03.2024 / Published: 05.04.2024

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