Immunoregulatory markers of bronchopulmonary diseases in workers of the aluminium industry

The laboratory immunologic study covered 106 male workers of aluminium industry, aimed to reveal features of changes in serum immunoglobulines and cytokines levels in accordance with occupational bronchopulmonary disease type: chronic nonobstructive bronchitis, chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD), bronchial asthma. General trend in the revealed changes in the patients with bronchopulmonary diseases is increased serum levels of Ig (IgA, IgM, IgG), anti-infl ammatory cytokines (IL–1b, IL-8) and lower production (TNF-a, IL-4). Findings are multidirectional changes INF-g responsible for inflammatory response mobilization — that was increased vs. reference values in bronchial asthma patients, and in chronic nonobstructive bronchitis patients was lower than in reference group, and higher than in patients with COLD. The changes revealed were associated with disordered ratio IL-4/INF-g. Differences were observed for pleiotropic IL-2: it was hyperproduced in the workers with chronic nonobstructive bronchitis, but in the bronchial asthma and COLD patients it was decreased vs. the reference group and vs. the chronic nonobstructive bronchitis patients. The authors justified informative criteria of bronchial asthma diagnosis.

1. Beknazarova G.M. Hygienic evaluation of work conditions in various workshops of aluminium production and infl uence of occupational hazards on upper respiratory tract mucosa. Nauchno-medicinskij zhurnal «Vestnik Avicenny». 2012; 2: 142–6 (in Russian).

2. Izmerov N.F., Buhtiyarov I.V., Prokopenko L.V. et al. Contemporary aspects of health preservation and improvement in workers engaged into aluminium enterprises. Med. truda i prom. ekol. 2012; 11: 1–7 (in Russian).

3. Shayahmetov S.F., Liseckaya L.G., Merinov A.V. Evaluation of toxic dust factor in aluminium production (analytic review). Med. truda i prom. ekol. 2015; 4: 30–5 (in Russian).

4. Kalinina O.L., Abramatec E.A. Prevalence of bronchopulmonary diseases in workers of electrolysis aluminium production. Byulleten VSNC SO RMN. 2012; 5(87); Ch. 2: 18–22 (in Russian).

5. Shalina T.I. Hygienic evaluation of public health risk in area influenced by aluminium production. Sibirskij medicinskij zhurnal. 2009; 8: 128–9 (in Russian).

6. Hotuleva A.G., Kuzmina L.P. Biomarkers of systemic inflammation in pathogenesis of syntropia of occupational bronchial asthma and metabolic syndrome. Med. truda i prom. ekol. 2016; 7: 39–43 (in Russian).

7. Chebotarev A.G., Prohorov V.A. Work conditions and occupational morbidity of workers in aluminium enterprises. Med. truda i prom. ekol. 2009; 2: 5–9 (in Russian).

8. Kuzmina L.P. Biochemical and molecular genetic mechanisms of occupational bronchopulmonary diseases. Pulmonologiya. 2008; 4: 107–10 (in Russian).

9. Gelfgat E.L., Kozhevnikov V.S., Kozlov V.A. Using discrimination analysis to diagnose functional activity of cellular effectors, based on standard parameters of immune state. Medicinskaya immunologiya. 2003; 5(1–2): 91–100 (in Russian).

10. Kozlov V.A., Borisov A.G., Smirnova S.V., Savchenko A.A. Practical aspects of diagnosis and treatment of immune disorders: manual for doctors. Novosibirsk: Nauka; 2009 (in Russian).

11. Cidilkovskaya E.S. Features of workers’ immune system reaction in contemporary aluminium production. Med. truda i prom. ekol. 2001; 11: 38–41 (in Russian).

12. Krishnadasan B., Naidu B.V., Byrne K. et al. The role of proinflammatory cytokines in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. J. Torac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2003; 125: 261–72.

13. Berezhnaya N.M., Goreckij B.A. Interleukin–2 and malignant neoplasma. Kiev: Naukova dumka; 2002 (in Russian).

14. Rollins B. Chemokines. Blood. 2007; 90(3): 909–28.

15. Bodienkova G.M., Ivanova Yu.V. Trends of cytokine profle changes in workers under exposure to neurotoxicants. Citokiny i vospalenie. 2010; 9(3): 44 (in Russian).

16. Vavilenkova Yu.A., Mezenceva M.V., Meshkova R.Ya. Interferon system state in hay fever patients. Rossijskij allergologicheskij zhurnal. 2006; 1: 17–20 (in Russian).

17. Simbircev A.S. Cytokines in immune pathogenesis and treatment of allergy. Rossijskij allergologicheskij zhurnal. 2007; 1: 5–19 (in Russian).