Scientific substantiation of the maximum permissible concentration of the pharmaceutical substance osimertinib mesylate in the air of the working area

Introduction. Osimertinib, a 3^rd generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is currently the only drug registered for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer in patients with a positive T790M mutation status. The production of osimertinib mesylate is planned on the territory of the Russian Federation, which necessitates research to substantiate the hygienic standard for the aerosol content of the substance in the air of the working area. Conducting research to substantiate the maximum permissible concentration of a substance requires significant material and time resources, while using the results of preclinical and clinical studies, mathematical modeling of processes, and risk assessment methodology allows for a comprehensive assessment of the substance, while significantly reducing the time and cost of work.

The study aims to scientifically substantiate the maximum permissible concentration of the pharmaceutical substance osimertinib mesylate in the air of the working area using data from toxicological studies and mathematical modeling of the effects of the substance on humans in industrial conditions.

Materials and methods. The materials used were domestic and international databases, reports, research protocols, scientific articles and monographs containing information on the physico-chemical and toxic properties, pharmacotherapeutic activity of osimertinib.

Results. The specialists have conducted hygienic regulation of osimertinib, taking into account data on its toxicity, danger, pharmacotherapeutic activity, side effects, long-term consequences, pharmacokinetic studies and modeling. To substantiate the value of the maximum permissible concentration, the authors used the reference points: an inactive NOEL level of 1 mg/­kg/­day for general toxic effect, established in a 92-day experiment on rats with intragastric administration; the lowest observed level of adverse effects of LOAEL is 0.5 mg/kg/day for general toxic effect, established in a 180-day experiment on dogs with intragastric administration; the level that does not cause adverse effects of NOAEL is 10 mg/kg/day for general toxic effect, established in a 180-day experiment on mice with intragastric administration. Safe concentrations of osimertinib in the air of the work area were evaluated using reference points, including the pharmacological effect and the minimum daily therapeutic dose; toxicokinetic modeling of concentrations of a substance in the human body under production conditions and the level of minimal risk.

Limitation. The study is limited to the review of open literature sources describing the toxicological/toxicokinetic characteristics of osimertinib mesylate.

Conclusion. The most stringent indicators of safe exposure levels, established on the basis of pharmacological effect and toxicokinetic modeling in dogs, allowed us to recommend 0.005 mg/m³, aerosol, hazard class 1 as the maximum permissible concentration in the air of the working area for osimertinib mesylate.

Ethics. This study did not require the conclusion of the Ethics Committee.

Contribution:
Khamidulina Kh.Kh. — the concept and design of the study, writing the text, the editing;
Ukolov A.I. — data collection and processing, writing the text;
Radilov A.S. — the concept and design of the study, the editing;
Tarasova E.V. — the concept and design of the study, data collection and processing, writing the text;
Zamkova I.V. — data collection and processing, writing the text.

Gratitude. The authors are grateful to Mrs. Alla Yu. Savchenko, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Industrial Pharmacy of the Scientific Research Nuclear University.

Funding. The study had no funding.

Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interests.

Received: 17.09.2024 / Accepted: 24.09.2024 / Published: 10.10.2024

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