Initial assessment of dioxins polluting the environment outside the sanitary zone of the landfill of production and consumption waste "Lesnaya" (Serpukhov, Moscow region)
Vladimir S. Roumak,
Tatiana A. Myshliavkina,
Anton R. Lavrenov,
Andrey A. Shelepchikov,
Nataliya V. Umnova EDN: ouamla
Abstract
Introduction. Landfills of production and consumption waste exist everywhere. Their operation is closely related to unwanted emissions and/or discharges of dioxins. The processes of transfer of these chemicals by air and water flow outside sanitary zones, inclusion in trophic chains, bioaccumulation and overcumulation can contribute to the launch of a toxic process when low subtoxic doses are contained in the medium. It is especially important to take this into account for agro-industrial and residential regions.
The study aims to assess the dioxin pollution of the environment outside the sanitary zone of the solid waste landfill of production and consumption "Lesnaya" (landfill "Lesnaya") by initial (screening) studies of the expected risk to public health.
Materials and methods. Experts characterized dioxin contamination by concentrations of compounds toxic to humans in specially prepared samples, as well as indicators of general toxicity (WHO-TEQ05). The researchers obtained samples from the surface layers of soil and animal carcasses representing successive generations (groupings) of the winter and summer seasons of the natural population of the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus). Concentrations of related substances were measured by high-resolution chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Results. All samples contained dioxins. The good comparability of the profiles of congeners of these substances in soil samples and animal tissues testifies to the general history of their origin, as well as the formation of conditions in the environment for the almost continuous action of small doses of mixtures of these substances on the inhabitants. In soil samples, the values of the WHO-TEQ05 index were significantly less than the hygienic standard. In animal tissues, concentrations of congeners characterized by pronounced hormone-like toxicity, teratogenic, embryotoxic and carcinogenic properties, primarily 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, were very high.
Conclusions. The consequences of prolonged exposure to the local natural population of the bank vole of small doses of dioxins in conditions of environmental pollution outside the sanitary zone of the Lesnaya landfill were characterized by the accumulation in their tissues of toxicants with hormone-like properties capable of triggering the mechanisms of formation and development of the toxic process at any concentrations. The scientific and practical significance of the obtained result is determined by the prospects for creating a methodological technique based on it to solve the problem of initial (screening) assessment of the risk to public health, namely the danger of low concentrations (doses) of dioxins polluting the environment.
Ethics. Scientists have conducted the studies involving animals in accordance with the following rules: Helsinki Declaration of 2000 "On humane treatment of animals"; Order of the Ministry of Health of the USSR No. 755 of 12.08.1977 "Rules for carrying out work using experimental animals"; Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia No. 199n of 01.04.2016 "On approval of the rules of laboratory practice". The method of euthanasia complied with the requirements of Article 6 and Annex IV of the Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union 2010/63/EC of 22.09.2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes.
Contribution:
Rumak V.S. — research concept and design, data collection and processing, the text writing, editing;
Myshlyavkina T.A. — data collection and processing;
Lavrenov A.R. — sample preparation and data processing;
Shelepchikov A.A. — measurement of congener concentrations in samples;
Umnova N.V. — research concept and design, data processing, the text writing, editing.
Acknowledgement. The authors express their gratitude to Maxim A. Shingarkin (public figure, deputy of the State Duma of the 6th convocation, founder of the foundation "Grazhdanin") and Andrey V. El’kin (public figure, ecological activist) for help in conducting the study.
Funding. This study was performed according to the State programs of A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution (Russian Academy of Sciences) and M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU) and was supported by the regional ecological public foundation "Grazhdanin".
Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interests.
Received: 01.08.2023 / Accepted: 12.09.2023 / Published: 05.10.2023
About the Authors
Vladimir S. Roumak
A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, RAS; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6507986855
https://istina.msu.ru/profile/roumak/
Tatiana A. Myshliavkina
A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, RAS; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Anton R. Lavrenov
A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, RAS; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=56046623800
https://istina.msu.ru/profile/LavrenovAR/
Andrey A. Shelepchikov
A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
https://istina.msu.ru/workers/2320362/
Nataliya V. Umnova
A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
https://istina.msu.ru/profile/noumnova/
https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6701771785For correspondence: Natalia V. Umnova, the leading researcher of the Laboratory at Biosystems Security Center, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, RAS.
E-mail: unv2014@mail.ru
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Roumak V.S., Myshliavkina T.A., Lavrenov A.R., Shelepchikov A.A., Umnova N.V. Initial assessment of dioxins polluting the environment outside the sanitary zone of the landfill of production and consumption waste "Lesnaya" (Serpukhov, Moscow region). Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology. 2023;63(9):617-626. (In Russ.) EDN: ouamla
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