Polymorphism of genes of circadian rhythms in employees of a continuous production enterprise with a shift work schedule

The circadian system plays an important role in regulating the functions of the human body. As a result of violations of the circadian system, functional disorders such as sleep disorders, carbohydrate metabolism, metabolic syndrome turning into obesity, cardiovascular pathology, oncological processes occur. One of the socially significant causes of circadian rhythm disorders is a shift work schedule.

The study aims to explore the genetic status of employees and identify markers of predisposition to the formation of "intolerance" of shift work.

Researchers have examined two groups of employees of the enterprise: observation group — 40 people gave 23–63 years old (30 women, 10 men) with a shift work schedule, the comparison group consisted of 51 people 24–62 years old (41 women, 10 men) of the administrative apparatus with a daily work schedule. Typing of polymorphic loci of the circadian system genes was carried out by sets of the company "Syntol" (Russia) using the Real-Time PCR method on a CFX96 device with allelic discrimination of fluorescence curves.

Genotyping of the loci of the five main circadian genes allowed us to establish that the occurrence of the minor allele T of the MTNR1A melatonin receptor gene (rs34532313) in continuous production workers is 30%, which is five times higher than in workers with a standardized work schedule (p<0.05). At the same time, workers with a shift schedule had a significant hypo-expression of serum serotonin (1.54 times, p<0.05) relative to the comparison group.

Continuous production workers have an increased occurrence of the minor allele of the MTNR1A melatonin receptor T gene (rs34532313) with a simultaneous decrease in the expression of serotonin catecholamine, which in shift work conditions can affect the formation of dysregulatory disorders of the functioning of homeostatic systems and the course of physiological metabolic processes. As a result, the polymorphism of the MTNR1A gene (rs34532313) can use as a marker of "intolerance" to shift work.

Limitations. There are quantitative restrictions on the observation group of persons of different genders.

Ethics. When conducting the study, the authors were guided by the Ethical principles of conducting medical research with the participation of a person as a subject, set out in the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association of the last revision. The patients signed a voluntary informed consent for the examination.

Contribution:
Subbotina A.A. — collection and processing of the material, writing the text, editing, approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article;
Dolgikh O.V. — the concept and design of the study, editing, approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Gratitude. The authors express their gratitude to: V.B. Alekseev, the Director of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Dr. of Sci. (Med.); N.V. Zaitseva, the scientific supervisor, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Academician of the RAS; staff of the Department of Immunological diagnostic methods for their assistance in conducting the study.

Funding. The study had no funding.

Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interests.

Received: 09.02.2022 / Accepted: 17.02.2022 / Published: 10.04.2023

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