Fatal industrial injuries in the Republic of Bashkortostan

Introduction. Every year, about 350 thousand people die in the workplace for reasons related to production all over the world. The significance of this problem dictates the need to analyze fatal occupational injuries in order to further develop a set of measures aimed at preventing it.

The study aims to analyze fatal occupational injuries at enterprises of the Republic of Bashkortostan on the basis of personalized data as an information basis for the development and justification of priority areas for the prevention of accidents in the workplace.

Materials and methods. For analyzing the indicators of general occupational injuries and fatal injuries, we used the results of the all-Russian monitoring of labor conditions and safety of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection, Russian Federation, analytical materials of labor conditions and safety of the Ministry of Family, Labor and Social Protection of the Population of the Republic of Bashkortostan for the period 2017–2020. To assess the completeness of the accounting of occupational injuries in Russia and the Republic of Bashkortostan, the researchers used the ILO methodology "On assessing the reliability of statistics of accidents at work in countries with imperfect accounting". Based on the materials of 177 Acts on the investigation of fatal accidents (Form 4) provided by the State Labor Inspectorate in the Republic of Bashkortostan for the period 2017–2020, we have studied the circumstances and causes of the death of workers at work, their professional status and age-length characteristics.

Results. The analysis of the dynamics of occupational injuries for 2017–2020 in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Bashkortostan showed a decrease in both total occupational injuries and fatal injuries, with a decrease in the frequency of worker deaths occurring at a faster pace. This provided an increase in the ratio of the total number of injuries to the number of fatal injuries, indicating an increase in the level of safety at enterprises and the quality of accounting for minor injuries. However, in 2020 the level of fatal industrial injuries in the Republic exceeded the same indicator in Russia by 25%. An in-depth analysis of fatal injuries based on accident investigation materials in the Republic of Bashkortostan for 2017–2020 showed that most often workers died in construction (0.77 per 1000 workers) and mining enterprises (0.75%) as a result of such types of accidents as traffic accidents, falling from a height, exposure to moving objects, flying rotating objects, parts, machines, etc. Specialists also observed a high level of fatal injuries in agriculture (0.58%), transport and storage enterprises (0.41%), water supply, sewerage (0.38%), etc. The main causes of fatal injuries were unsatisfactory organization of work (34.7%) and violation of traffic rules (29.2%). At the victim’s workplaces the researchers have identified a significant number of violations of labor protection requirements: the absence of special assessment of working conditions (SAWC), briefings and training on labor protection, violations of the work and rest regime, labor and industrial discipline, non-issuance of personal protective equipment (PPE) and the absence of mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations. Male workers were most often died (97.6%); in the profession of "driver"; at the age of 30–39 years. There is a very high proportion of victims with work experience of up to one year (44.6%). Almost 75% of the victims had less than 5 years of work experience. This indicates unsatisfactory training in occupational safety of newly hired workers, regardless of their age and previous experience at other enterprises.

Conclusion. The in-depth analysis of fatal injuries at enterprises of the Republic of Bashkortostan showed the need to develop a set of targeted occupational safety measures aimed at reducing the level of occupational injuries, taking into account the most traumatic types of economic activity, the most frequent types of accidents and causes of accidents. In addition, special attention should be paid to the training of safe methods and techniques for performing the work of low-skilled workers, as well as the organization of checking the knowledge of traffic rules among drivers of vehicles.

Contribution:
Shapoval I.V. — the concept and design of the study, data collection and processing, text writing;
Karimova L.K. — data collection and processing, text writing, editing;
Tikhonova G.I. — the concept and design of the study, editing;
Churanova A.N. — text writing;
Astrelina T.N. — the concept and design of the study;
Fagamova A.Z. — data collection and processing;
Muldasheva N.A. — text writing;
Larionova E.A. — data collection and processing.

Funding. The study had no funding.

Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.

Received: 22.09.2022 / Accepted: 15.12.2022 / Published: 29.01.2023

1. According to WHO and ILO, production factors annually claim the lives of two million people. Available at: https://www.who.int/ru/news/item/16-09-2021-who-ilo-almost-2-million-people-die-from-work-related-causes-each-year

2. Insurance against industrial accidents and occupational diseases. The Decent Work Technical Support Group and the ILO Bureau and the ILO Bureau for Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Moscow: ILO; 2010.

3. van der Molen H.F., Basnet P., Peter Lt. Hoonakker P.Lt., Lehtola M.M., Lappalainen J., Frings-Dresen M.Hw., Haslam R., Verbeek J.H. Interventions to prevent injuries in construction workers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018; 2(2): CD006251.

4. Bravo G., Viviani C., Lavallière M., Arezes P., Martínez M., Dianat I., Bragança S., Castellucci H. Do older workers suffer more workplace injuries? A systematic review. Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2020; 15: 1–30.

5. Robinson C.F, Kuller L.H., Perper J. An epidemiologic study of sudden death at work in an industrial county, 1979–1982. American Journal of Epidemiology. 1988; 128(4): 806–20. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115034

6. Safe Work Australia. Fatality Statistics by Industry. 2018. Available at: https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/statistics-and-research/statistics/fatalities/fatality-statistics-industry

7. Wadsworth E., Walters D. Safety and Health at the Heart of the Future of Work: Building on 100 Years of Experience. 2019. Available at: https://www.ilo.org/safework/events/safeday/WCMS_687610/lang--en/index.htm

8. Bukhtiyarov I.V., Izmerov N.F., Tikhonova G.I., Churanova A.N. Occupational injuries as a criterion of professional risk. Problemy prognozirovaniya. 2017; 5: 140 (in Russian).

9. Tikhonova G.I., Churanova A.N. Long-term analysis of the features of occupational injury recording and reporting in Russia. Demograficheskoe obozrenie. 2019; 2(6): 142–64 (in Russian).

10. Churanova A.N., Titov A.S. Occupational injuries in Russia and EU countries. Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology. 2019; (9): 803–4 (in Russian).

11. Shaydullina R.S. Vision Zero, or the concept of «zero injuries». Fashionable or real? Molodoy uchenyy. 2019; 16(254): 39–41. Available at: https://moluch.ru/archive/254/58298/ (in Russian).

12. Hadarcev A.A., Panarin V.M., Kashinceva L.V., Maslova A.A., Mitjushkina O.A. To the problem of the assessment of indastrial injury in Russia. Vestnik novyh medicinskih tehnologij. Jelektronnoe izdanie. 2019; 4: 90–101 (in Russian).

13. Usikova O.V., Maydankina D.K. Analysis of the Vision Zero concept implementation in the Russian Federation. Russian Journal of Labor Economics. 2020; 12(7): 1323–36 (in Russian).

14. Pankov V.A., Kuleshova M.V. Analyzyng risks of occupational injuries in basic industries. Health Risk Analysis. 2021; 4: 119–26 (in Russian).

15. Lukyanchikova T.L., Yamschikova T.N., Kletsova N.V. Komparativistic analysis of production traumatism: Russia and the world. Russian Journal of Labor Economics. 2018; 3(5): 647–62 (in Russian).

16. Dynamics of occupational injury indicators in the Russian Federation. Available at: https://eisot.rosmintrud.ru/monitoring-uslovij-i-okhrany-truda#myblok_name6

17. Hämäläinen P., Saarela K.L., Takala J. Global trend according to estimated number of occupational accidents and fatal work-related diseases at region and country level. Journal of Safety Research. 2009; 40(2): 125–39.

18. Karimova L.K., Muldasheva N.A., Shapoval I.V., Fagamova A.Z., Ilyina L.A. Volgareva A.D., Larionova E.A. Health risk assessment of workers in various economic sectors of the Bashkortostan Repablic. Occupational Health and Human Ecology. 2022; 1: 177–92 (in Russian).

19. Adinegara Bin Lutfi Abas, Datuk Abd Razzak B Mohd Said, Mohammed Azman B Aziz Mohammed, Nalini Sathiakumar. Fatal occupational injuries among non-governmental employees in Malaysia. Am J Ind Med. 2013; 56(1): 65–76.

20. The Ministry of Labor named the most traumatic industries. Available at: https://www.gazeta.ru/social/news/2021/09/06/n_16489526.shtml (in Russian).

21. Kardanov R.N., Grabovyy K.P. Analysis of the causes of occupational injuries. Problemy sovremennoy nauki i obrazovaniya. 2017; 22(104): 18–20 (in Russian).

22. Results of monitoring of labor conditions and safety in the Russian Federation in 2020. Available at: https://eisot.rosmintrud.ru/attachments/article/47/monitoring-2020.pdf (in Russian).

23. Alekseev A.M., Tkachev A.S.. Analysis of the causes of industrial injuries in the mining industry of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in 2000–2015. Science Time. 2016; 11(35): 32–6 (in Russian).

24. Vivienne C Bachelet. Work-related injuries resulting in death in Chile: a cross-sectional study on 2014 and 2015 registries. BMJ Open. 2018; 8(6): 1–8.