Hygienic strategy of mobile communication base station antennas radiofrequency electromagnetic field values modern control

Introduction. The urgency of the issue is due to the rapid development of new telecommunications and information technologies, the widespread introduction and distribution of cellular base stations (BS), which changes the conditions of contact of the population with sources of electromagnetic radiation of radio frequencies (EMR RF).

The aim of the study is to summarize the results of the analysis of the project documentation for the placement of mobile radiotelephone network BS in terms of comparability of calculated and actually measured levels of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from transmitting antennas; to determine the prospective tasks of hygienic control of the safety of the BS.

Materials and methods. For hygienic control of EMR levels, serial broadband meters PZ-42 and NBM-550 were used; the method according to MUC 4.3.1677-03 "Determination of the levels of the electromagnetic field created by radiating technical means of television, FM radio broadcasting and base stations of land mobile radio communications". 74 BS were examined, whose antennas were a source of EMR at the frequency of 2620-2640 MHz with a power of 24.2-24.4 W.

Results. The maximum length of the building restriction zone (BRZ) from the BS antennas ranged from 16 m to 101 m, regardless of the power of the radiating means, in 50% of cases the length of the BRZ was 30-45 m. In 40% of cases, BS antennas are installed on the roofs of low-rise buildings with BRZ at a height that falls to 5-10 meters from ground level. The excess of the calculated EMR values in terms of energy flux density (EFD) was determined for 50% of the BS. Instrumental measurements of EFD in 19.4% of cases showed excess remote, 11.1% - exceeding marked only by considering the expanded uncertainty (EU) measurement EFD. It was found that the values of EFD measured with EU are more closely approximated to the calculated values.

Conclusions. Substantiated recommendations on whether the calculation of the era for height and length for the lower lobes in a radiation direction of antenna, recording ratio EU of the measured values of EFD for additional health human in multivariate emitters of EMR RF. The prospective tasks of hygienic control of the safety of the BS operation are defined.

1. Mordachev V.I., Svistunov A.S. Assessment of the required level of radiation power of base stations of the GSM standard in the city, taking into account the requirements of intra-system electromagnetic compatibility. Doklady Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta informatiki i radioelektroniki. 2015; 4 (90): 53–60 (in Russian).

2. Svistunov A.S. Assessment of the level of electromagnetic background created by base stations and subscriber devices of cellular radio networks in places with a high population density. Doklady Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta informatiki i radioelektroniki. 2018; 6 (116): 26–31 (in Russian).

3. Zvezdina M.Yu., Shokov A.V., Shokova Yu.A. et al. Assessment of the electromagnetic environment on the roof of a residential building in the presence of a cellular antenna. Vestnik Donskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2015; 3 (82): 102–10. (in Russian) https://doi.org/10.12737/12591

4. Prokof'eva N.B., Bolatbekova K.S. To the issue of environmental friendliness of various sources of electromagnetic radiation. Fundamental'nye i prikladnye issledovaniya: problemy i rezul'taty. 2015; 23: 228-32 (in Russian).

5. Vysotin S.A., Sayfitova A.T., Ryazanova E.A. Hygienic importance of electromagnetic radiation from cellular base stations. Mezhdunarodnyy studencheskiy nauchnyy vestnik. 2019; 5–1: 9 (in Russian).

6. Lutsenko L.A., Tulakin A.V., Egorova A.M. et al. Risk-oriented model of the control of the level of electric magnetic fields of base stations of cellular communications. Gigiena i sanitaria. 2016; 95(11): 1045-1048. https://doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2016-95-11-1045-1048 (in Russian).

7. Lucenko L.A., Gvozdeva L.L., Turdyev R.V. Issues of hygienic safety in the placement and commissioning of cellular base stations. Medicina truda i ekologiya cheloveka. 2019; 1 (17): 11-15. https://doi.org/10.24411/2411-3794-2019-10002 (in Russian).

8. Grigor'ev O.A., Merkulov A.V. Hygienic studies of the electromagnetic environment in the territories around the base stations of cellular radio communications. Byulleten' meditsinskikh internet-konferentsiy. 2012; 2 (6): 458-60 (in Russian).

9. Andreeva E.E. Safety evaluation of base stations of mobile operators in the territory of the city of Moscow. Zdorov'e naseleniya i sreda obitaniya. 2015; 9 (270): 21–4 (in Russian).

10. Mordachev V.I. Electromagnetic load on the territory created by electromagnetic radiation of cellular base stations. Doklady Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta informatiki i radioelektroniki. 2012; 6 (68): 114–21 (in Russian).

11. Rakhmanin Yu.A., Onishchenko G.G., Grigoriev Yu.G. Contemporary issues and the ways of ensuring electromagnetic safety of mobile communication to the health of the population. Gigiena i sanitaria. 2019; 98(11): 1175-83. https://doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-11-1175-1183 (in Russian).