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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zurniimtpe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина труда и промышленная экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1026-9428</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8945</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31089/1026-9428-2026-66-9-577-588</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">mpryap</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zurniimtpe-4285</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Среднесрочные медицинские и экономические результаты многокурсовой медико-профилактической программы для работников машиностроительного предприятия, подвергающихся воздействию производственного шума</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medium-term clinical and economic outcomes of a multi-course medical preventive programme for machine-building plant workers exposed to occupational noise</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6075-0908</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Файзова</surname><given-names>Юлия Мударисовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Faizova</surname><given-names>Yulia M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Генеральный директор — главный врач ООО Клиника-санаторий «Набережные Челны»</p><p>e-mail: cardio-chelny@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>CEO and Chief Physician of Naberezhnye Chelny Clinic and Sanatorium LLC</p><p>e-mail: cardio-chelny@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cardio-chelny@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9506-563X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фатхутдинова</surname><given-names>Лилия Минвагизовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fatkhutdinova</surname><given-names>Liliya M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зав. каф. гигиены, медицины труда ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России, д-р мед. наук, проф.</p><p>e-mail: liliya.fatkhutdinova@kazangmu.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Department of Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, Kazan State Medical University, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor</p><p>e-mail: liliya.fatkhutdinova@kazangmu.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">liliya.fatkhutdinova@kazangmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО Клиника-санаторий «Набережные Челны»; ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Naberezhnye Chelny Clinic and Sanatorium LLC; Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>66</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>577</fpage><lpage>588</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Файзова Ю.М., Фатхутдинова Л.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Файзова Ю.М., Фатхутдинова Л.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Faizova Y.M., Fatkhutdinova L.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/4285">https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/4285</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Дефицит квалифицированных кадров повышает актуальность программ продления профессионального долголетия для работников с начальными признаками воздействия вредных факторов, в том числе шума. Однако оценка эффективности таких программ ограничена.</p><p>Цель исследования — оценить среднесрочные медицинские и экономические результаты медико-профилактической программы для работников машиностроительного предприятия с начальными признаками воздействия производственного шума.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Историческая закрытая когорта 113 работников (средний возраст 55,8 года, стаж 26,1 лет, эквивалентный уровень звука 89,7 дБА) ретроспективно прослежена в период 2013–2025 гг. Работники получили два или три курса лечебно-профилактической программы (медиана длительности 4 года) в период с 2013 по 2023 гг. Смещение и темп смещения порогов слышимости на частотах 500, 1000, 2000 и 4000 Гц, включая средний бинауральный порог слышимости (СБПС), оценивали линейными смешанными моделями. Темп смещения сопоставляли с возрастной нормой ГОСТ Р ИСО 7029–2017, число новых случаев профессиональной сенсоневральной тугоухости (ПСНТ) за 2013–2025 гг. — с моделью ГОСТ Р ИСО 1999–2017 и когортой сравнения (113 работников, подобранных по принципу «копия-пара»). Проведён сценарный расчёт экономической эффективности модифицированным методом человеческого капитала.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Пороги слышимости повысились на всех частотах; на 2000 и 4000 Гц и по СБПС прирост статистически незначим. Темп смещения порогов был ниже ожидаемого на 4000 Гц (–1,06 дБ/год; 95% ДИ –1,76…–0,35; p=0,003) и по СБПС (–0,38 дБ/год; –0,71…–0,05; p=0,024). Результат был устойчив к анализу чувствительности. За 12 лет не было зарегистрировано ни одного случая ПСНТ с утратой профессиональной трудоспособности при 10,4 ожидаемых по расчётной модели и одном случае в когорте сравнения. Распространённость сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний возросла с 41,6% до 54,9% (p&lt;0,001). Окупаемость достигается при предотвращении около 2-х случаев утраты профессиональной трудоспособности на 100 работников.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Наблюдательный дизайн без внешней контрольной группы ограничил возможность разделить вклад вмешательства и естественного течения заболевания. Малое число случаев ПСНТ уменьшило статистическую мощность сравнений. Исследование оценивало эффект комплекса мероприятий, а не отдельных вмешательств. Экономический расчёт носил сценарный характер.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. У работников, проходивших двух- или трёхкурсовую медико-профилактическую программу, темп смещения порогов слышимости на частоте 4 кГц и по СБПС был ниже ожидаемого. Программа показала потенциальную экономическую эффективность. Рост распространённости сердечно-сосудистой патологии указывает на необходимость интеграции мер по коррекции кардиометаболических факторов риска. Результаты требуют подтверждения в проспективном исследовании.</p></sec><sec><title>Этика</title><p>Этика. Исследование проведено в соответствии с принципами Хельсинкской декларации; все участники предоставили информированное добровольное согласие.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов:Файзова Ю.М. — сбор и обработка материала, обработка данных, написание текста;Фатхутдинова Л.М. — концепция и дизайн исследования, обработка данных, написание текста;Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи</p></sec><sec><title>Дата поступления</title><p>Дата поступления: 29.09.2026 / Дата принятия к печати: 30.09.2026 / Дата публикации: 09.10.2026</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. A shortage of skilled workers increases the relevance of programmes aimed at extending occupational longevity for employees with early signs of exposure to occupational hazards, including noise. However, evidence of the effectiveness of such programmes is limited.</p><p>The aim of the study is to evaluate the medium-term clinical and economic outcomes of a medical preventive programme for machine-building plant workers with early signs of occupational noise exposure.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A historical closed cohort of 113 workers (mean age 55.8 years, work experience 26.1 years, equivalent sound level 89.7 dBA) was followed up from 2013 to 2025. Workers received two or three courses of the medical preventive programme (median duration 4 years) between 2013 and 2023. Shifts and rates of shift in hearing thresholds at frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz, as well as the binaural pure tone average (BPTA), were assessed using linear mixed-effects models. The rate of threshold shift was compared with the age-related reference vales of ISO 7029-2017, and the number of cases of occupational noise-induced hearing loss (ONIHL) assessed against that predicted by the ISO 1999‑2017 model and the comparison group (113 workers selected using a matched-pair design). A scenario-based calculation of the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) was carried out using the modified human capital approach.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Hearing thresholds increased at all frequencies; at 2000 and 4000 Hz, as well as for BPTA, not statistically significant. The rate of threshold shift was below the expected at 4000 Hz (–1.06 dB/year; 95% CI –1.76…–0.35; p=0.003) and for BPTA (–0.38 dB/year; 95% CI –0.71…–0.05; p=0.024). The result was robust in sensitivity analysis. Over 12 years, no cases of ONIHL with loss of occupational working capacity were registered, compared with 10.4 expected by the model and one case in the comparison cohort. The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases rose from 41.6% to 54.9% (p&lt;0.001). Payback is achieved by preventing approximately 2 cases of occupational working capacity per 100 employees.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The observational design without an external control group limited the ability to separate the contribution of the intervention from the natural course of the disease. The small number of ONIHL cases reduced the statistical power of the comparisons. The study evaluated the effect of a package of measures rather than individual interventions. The economic calculation was scenario-based.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Among workers who completed a two- or three-course medical preventive programme, the rate of hearing threshold shifts at 4 kHz and by BPTA was below the expected changes. The programme proved to be potentially cost-effective. The rise in cardiovascular morbidity indicates the need to integrate measures for cardiometabolic risk factors correction. The findings require confirmation in a prospective study.</p></sec><sec><title>Ethics</title><p>Ethics. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki; all participants provided written informed consent.</p></sec><sec><title>Contributions</title><p>Contributions:Fayzova Yu.M. — collection and processing of material, data processing, text writing;Fatkhutdinova L.M. — study concept and design, data processing, text writing;All authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no financial support.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare the absence of any apparent or potential conflicts of interest related to the publication of this article.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: 29.09.2026 / Accepted: 30.09.2026 / Published: 09.10.2026</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>производственный шум</kwd><kwd>профессиональная сенсоневральная тугоухость</kwd><kwd>ретроспективная когорта</kwd><kwd>медико-профилактическая программа</kwd><kwd>медицинская эффективность</kwd><kwd>экономическая окупаемость</kwd><kwd>среднесрочные эффекты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>occupational noise</kwd><kwd>noise-induced hearing loss</kwd><kwd>retrospective studies</kwd><kwd>hearing loss prevention</kwd><kwd>medical effectiveness</kwd><kwd>cost‑benefit analysis</kwd><kwd>medium-term effects</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Колесникова О.А., Маслова Е.В., Околелых И.В. 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