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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zurniimtpe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина труда и промышленная экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1026-9428</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8945</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31089/1026-9428-2026-66-7-463-469</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ihtcrx</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zurniimtpe-4255</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Постнатальное развитие потомства крыс-самцов, экспонированных дымом торфяных пожаров: экспериментальная модель репродуктивной токсичности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Postnatal development of male rat offspring exposed to peat fire smoke: an experimental model of reproductive toxicity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1052-4601</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соседова</surname><given-names>Лариса Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sosedova</surname><given-names>Larisa M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зав. лаб. биомоделирования и трансляционной медицины, д-р мед. наук, профессор</p><p>e-mail: sosedlar@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Laboratory of Biomodeling and Translational Medicine, Dr. of Sci. (Med.)</p><p>e-mail: sosedlar@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sosedlar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8165-8052</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вокина</surname><given-names>Вера Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vokina</surname><given-names>Vera A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ст. науч. сотр. лаб. биомоделирования и трансляционной медицины, канд. биол. наук</p><p>e-mail: vokina.vera@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Research Fellow, Laboratory of Biomodeling and Translational Medicine, Cand. of Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>e-mail: vokina.vera@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vokina.vera@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6012-0173</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панкова</surname><given-names>Анна Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pankova</surname><given-names>Anna A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мл. науч. сотр. лаб. биомоделирования и трансляционной медицины</p><p>e-mail: anna.tropnikova.96@bk.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Laboratory of Biomodeling and Translational Medicine</p><p>e-mail: anna.tropnikova.96@bk.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna.tropnikova.96@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических исследований»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>66</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>463</fpage><lpage>469</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Соседова Л.М., Вокина В.А., Панкова А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соседова Л.М., Вокина В.А., Панкова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sosedova L.M., Vokina V.A., Pankova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/4255">https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/4255</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В системе охраны труда пожарных, участвующих в тушении природных пожаров, основное внимание уделяется травмам, ожогам и острым интоксикациям, в то время как влияние дыма природных пожаров на потомство и его развитие остаётся малоизученным. Разработка методов идентификации биомаркеров, способных прогнозировать неблагоприятный исход для потомства, является значимой задачей профилактической медицины и профпатологии.</p><p>Цель исследования — оценка влияния дыма торфяного пожара на постнатальное развитие потомства экспонированных самцов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Ингаляционное воздействие торфяным дымом на крыс-самцов осуществляли в ингаляционных камерах по 4 часа в течение 5 дней. Содержание СО составляло 21(13;28) мг/м³, РМ2,5 — 0,09(0,04;0,19) мг/м³. После спаривания с интактными самками получали потомство, у которого в раннем постнатальном периоде изучали выживаемость, физическое развитие, сенсорно-двигательные показатели.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Ингаляционное воздействие торфяного дыма на крыс-самцов не оказывало негативного влияния на их способность к воспроизводству. Показатель смертности потомства к 21-му дню жизни в опытной группе превышал уровень в контрольной. У крысят, отцы которых были экспонированы торфяным дымом, отмечали запаздывание в сроках прорезывания нижних резцов, открывание глаз, более поздние сроки созревания сенсорно-двигательных рефлексов и снижение локомоторной активности. В целом в работе обоснованы закономерности формирования отдалённых последствий воздействия дыма ландшафтных пожаров, проявляющиеся снижением выживаемости, нарушением развития сенсорно двигательных навыков и нейробиологии поведения потомства.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Исследование выполнено на модели грызунов (крысы линии Wistar), что может ограничивать экстраполяцию полученных результатов на другие виды и на человека. Исследование ограничено изучением физического развития и сенсомоторных рефлексов у крыс в раннем постнатальном периоде, рождённых от взрослых половозрелых самцов, подвергавшихся воздействию торфяного дыма, и не учитывает возможные отдалённые эффекты. В настоящей работе коэффициенты физического и гармоничного развития потомства не применялись и будут включены в последующие исследования, ориентированные на более детальную количественную оценку репродуктивной токсичности. Следует также предусматривать, что прямые корреляции с человеческой популяцией требуют валидации в клинико-эпидемиологических исследованиях.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. На основании выявленных закономерностей разработаны критериальные показатели, позволяющие идентифицировать репродуктивную токсичность дыма ландшафтных пожаров: увеличение смертности; нарушение физического развития (набор массы тела, позднее прорезывание резцов); отставание созревания сенсорно-двигательных рефлексов; снижение мышечной силы; снижение двигательной активности и повышение уровня стрессированности. Трансляция результатов экспериментального исследования позволит оценить риск возникновения нарушений в развитии детей раннего возраста у ликвидаторов пожаров. Последствия постнатальных нарушений могут долгосрочно закрепляться в онтогенезе и сохраняться вплоть до половой зрелости, отягощая процесс обучения и социальной интеграции и способствуя развитию повышенной тревожности и депрессивного состояния.</p></sec><sec><title>Этика</title><p>Этика. Исследование проведено в соответствии с Европейской конвенцией о защите позвоночных животных, используемых для экспериментов или в иных научных целях (ETS N 123), директивой Европейского парламента и Совета Европейского союза 2010/63/EC от 22.09.2010 г. о защите животных, использующихся для научных целей. Исследование одобрено локальным этическим комитетом ФГБНУ ВСИМЭИ (Протокол № 7 от 15 декабря 2023 г.).</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов:Соседова Л.М. — концепция и дизайн исследования, обзор литературы по теме статьи, анализ и интерпретация данных, написание текста, редактирование;Вокина В.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования, проведение эксперимента, статистическая обработка данных, анализ и интерпретация данных, обзор литературы по теме статьи;Панкова А.А. — проведение эксперимента, сбор и первичная обработка материала, статистическая обработка данных.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Работа выполнялась по плану НИР в рамках государственного задания.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec><sec><title>Дата поступления</title><p>Дата поступления: 08.07.2026 / Дата принятия к печати: 23.07.2026 / Дата публикации: 11.08.2026</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The occupational safety system of firefighters involved in extinguishing forest fires focuses on injuries, burns, and acute intoxication, while the effect of smoke from forest fires on offspring and their development remains poorly understood. The development of methods for identifying biomarkers capable of predicting an unfavorable outcome for offspring is an important task of preventive medicine and occupational pathology.</p><p>The study aims to evaluate the effect of peat fire smoke on the postnatal development of the offspring of exposed males.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The authors carried out the inhalation effect of peat smoke on male rats in inhalation chambers for 4 hours for five days. The CO content was 21(13;28) mg/m³, PM2.5 — 0.09(0.04;0.19) mg/m³. After mating with intact females, offspring were obtained in which survival, physical development, and sensorimotor parameters in the early postnatal period were studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The inhalation effect of peat smoke on male rats had no negative effect on their ability to reproduce. The mortality rate of offspring by the 21st day of life in the experimental group exceeded the level in the control group. In rat pups whose fathers were exposed to peat smoke, there was a delay in the timing of eruption of the lower incisors, eye opening, later maturation of sensory-motor reflexes and a decrease in locomotor activity. In general, the work substantiates the patterns of formation of long-term consequences of exposure to smoke from landscape fires, manifested by a decrease in survival, impaired development of sensory motor skills and the neurobiology of offspring behavior.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The study was performed on a rodent model (Wistar rats), which may limit the extrapolation of the results to other species and to humans. The study is limited to the study of physical development and sensorimotor reflexes in rats in the early postnatal period, born to mature adult males exposed to peat smoke, and does not take into account possible long-term effects. In this work, the coefficients of physical and harmonious development of offspring were not used and will be included in subsequent studies focused on a more detailed quantitative assessment of reproductive toxicity. It should also be considered that direct correlations with the human population require validation in clinical and epidemiological studies.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Based on the revealed patterns, the researchers developed criteria for detecting the reproductive toxicity of smoke from landscape fires: increased mortality; impaired physical development (weight gain, late eruption of incisors); delayed maturation of sensorimotor reflexes; decreased muscle strength; decreased motor activity and increased stress levels. Broadcasting the results of the experimental study will make it possible to assess the risk of developmental disorders in young children among fire extinguishers. The consequences of postnatal disorders can be permanently fixed in ontogenesis and persist until puberty, burdening the process of learning and social integration and contributing to the development of increased anxiety and depression.</p></sec><sec><title>Ethics</title><p>Ethics. The study was conducted in accordance with the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Experiments or Other Scientific Purposes (ETS No. 123), Directive 2010/63/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union of 22.09.2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes. The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research (Protocol No. 7 dated December 15, 2023).</p></sec><sec><title>Contributions</title><p>Contributions:Sosedova L.M. — research concept and design, literature review on the topic of the article, data analysis and interpretation, text writing, editing;Vokina V.E. — research concept and design, experiment, statistical data processing, data analysis and interpretation, literature review on the topic of the article;Pankova A.A. — conducting an experiment, collecting and primary processing of material, statistical data processing.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The work was carried out according to the research plan within the Framework of the state assignment.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: 08.07.2026 / Accepted: 23.07.2026 / Published: 11.08.2026</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>торфяной дым</kwd><kwd>крысы</kwd><kwd>репродуктивная токсичность</kwd><kwd>постнатальный период</kwd><kwd>физическое развитие</kwd><kwd>сенсорно-двигательные рефлексы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>peat smoke</kwd><kwd>rats</kwd><kwd>reproductive toxicity</kwd><kwd>postnatal period</kwd><kwd>physical development</kwd><kwd>sensory-motor reflexes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ефремов Е.А., Касатонова Е.В., Мельник Я.И., Кастрикин Ю.В. Факторы образа жизни при подготовке мужчины к зачатию. 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