zurniimtpeМедицина труда и промышленная экологияRussian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology1026-94282618-8945FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”10.31089/1026-9428-2026-66-3-188-196dvoszrzurniimtpe-4129Research ArticleЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯEXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHБиологическая профилактика токсического действия свинца, ртути, фтора, мышьяка и бенз(а)пиренаBiological prevention of toxic effects of lead, mercury, fluorine, arsenic and benzo(a)pyrenehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1743-7642СутунковаМарина ПетровнаSutunkovaMarina P.

Директор ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП» Роспотребнадзора; зав. каф. гигиены и медицины труда ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава, д-р мед. наук

e-mail: sutunkova@ymrc.ru

Director of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers; Acting Head of the Department of Occupational Health and Medicine, Ural State Medical University, Dr. of Sci. (Med.)

e-mail: sutunkova@ymrc.ru

sutunkova@ymrc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-0780-5733НикогосянКарен МерсоповичNikogosyanKaren M.

Науч. сотр., и.о. зав. лаб. научных основ биологической профилактики ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП» Роспотребнадзора

e-mail: nikoghosyankm@ymrc.ru

Researcher of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers

e-mail: nikoghosyankm@ymrc.ru

nikoghosyankm@ymrc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1871-8593МинигалиеваИльзира АмировнаMinigalievaIlzira A.

Зав. отделом токсикологии и биопрофилактики ФБУН «ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП» Роспотребнадзора, д-р биол. наук

e-mail: ilzira@ymrc.ru

Head of the Department of Toxicology and Bioprophylaxis, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, Dr. of Sci. (Biol.)

e-mail: ilzira@ymrc.ru

ilzira@ymrc.ruФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора; ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияYekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers; Ural State Medical UniversityRussian FederationФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» РоспотребнадзораРоссияYekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial WorkersRussian Federation202624042026663188196Copyright © Сутункова М.П., Никогосян К.М., Минигалиева И.А., 20262026Сутункова М.П., Никогосян К.М., Минигалиева И.А.Sutunkova M.P., Nikogosyan K.M., Minigalieva I.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/4129Введение

Введение. Деятельность ряда промышленных предприятий в различных регионах Российской Федерации является причиной загрязнения почвы, водных ресурсов, воздуха многокомпонентной смесью химических веществ, что в свою очередь негативно сказывается на здоровье граждан и диктует необходимость в поиске путей повышения устойчивости организма к их вредному действию.

Цель исследования — разработать и экспериментально апробировать на лабораторных животных биопрофилактический комплекс, направленный на повышение резистентности организма к вредному комбинированному действию свинца, ртути, фтора, мышьяка и бенз(а)пирена.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. В эксперименте использованы 60 аутбредных белых крыс-самок раннего возраста. Экспозиция осуществлялась с помощью внутрибрюшинных введений раствора, содержащего ртуть, фтор, мышьяк и свинец в соотношении 1:450:70:450, 3 раза в неделю на протяжении 6 недель. Бенз(а)пирен сорбировался на глинозём и был введён животным интратрахеально однократно в первый день начала эксперимента в дозе 10 мг в 1 мл изотонического 0,9% раствора хлорида натрия.

Результаты

Результаты. Экспериментально показана эффективность разработанного биопрофилактического комплекса (БПК), направленного на снижение токсических эффектов комбинации свинца, ртути, фтора, мышьяка и бенз(а)пирена. Многие функциональные и морфологические признаки интоксикации были существенно ослаблены приёмом комплекса биопротекторов на фоне экспозиции.

Ограничения исследования

Ограничения исследования. Было выбрано ограниченное количество исследуемых показателей, исходя из поставленной цели и целесообразности использования методик для оценки токсичности изучаемых веществ и эффективности БПК. Исследование проводилось с использованием лабораторных животных одного пола и возраста, что не позволяет оценить токсичность изучаемой комбинации веществ и эффект биологической профилактики с учётом половых и возрастных различий. Авторы также были ограничены в широком использовании исследовательских методик в рамках эксперимента.

Заключение

Заключение. Результаты эксперимента свидетельствуют о повышении элиминации изучаемых вредных веществ из организма под действием биопротекторов. Однако оценка эффективности мер биологической профилактики комбинированного токсического действия вредных веществ требует дальнейшего изучения.

Этика

Этика. Проведение эксперимента одобрено локальной комиссией по биоэтике ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора (протокол № 55А от 2014 г.).

Участие авторов

Участие авторов:Сутункова М.П. — сбор материала и обработка данных, редактирование статьи, написание текста;Никогосян К.М. — написание текста, редактирование;Минигалиева И.А. — концепция и дизайн исследования;Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Дата поступления

Дата поступления: 13.03.2026 / Дата принятия к печати: 24.03.2026 / Дата публикации: 25.04.2026

Introduction

Introduction. The activities of a number of industrial enterprises in various regions of the Russian Federation are the cause of contamination of soil, water resources, and air with a multicomponent mixture of chemicals, which in turn negatively affects the health of citizens and dictates the need to find ways to increase the body's resistance to their harmful effects.

The study aims to develop and experimentally test a bioprophylactic complex on laboratory animals aimed at increasing the body's resistance to the harmful combined effects of lead, mercury, fluorine, arsenic and benzo(a)pyrene.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The researchers used 60 outbred white female rats of early age in the experiment. The irradiation was performed using intraperitoneal injections of a solution containing mercury, fluorine, arsenic and lead in a ratio of 1:450:70:450, 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Benzo(a)pyrene was sorbed for alumina and was injected into animals intratracheal once on the first day of the experiment at a dose of 10 mg in 1 ml of isotonic 0.9% sodium chloride solution.

Results

Results. The authors experimentally have demonstrated the effectiveness of the developed bioprophylactic complex (BPC) aimed at reducing the toxic effects of a combination of lead, mercury, fluorine, arsenic and benzo(a)pyrene. Many functional and morphological signs of intoxication were significantly weakened by taking a complex of bioprotectors against the background of exposure.

Limitations

Limitations. A limited number of studied indicators were selected based on the set goal and the expediency of using methods to assess the toxicity of the studied substances and the effectiveness of BPC. The authors have conducted a study using laboratory animals of the same sex and age, which does not allow assessing the toxicity of the studied combination of substances and the effect of biological prevention, taking into account gender and age differences. The authors were also limited in the widespread use of research methods in the framework of the experiment.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The experimental results indicate an increase in the elimination of the studied harmful substances from the body under the action of bioprotectors. However, the assessment of the effectiveness of biological prevention measures for the combined toxic effects of harmful substances requires further study.

Ethics

Ethics. The experiment was approved by the local Bioethics Commission of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers (Protocol No. 55A of 2014).

Contributions

Contributions:Sutunkova M.P. — collecting material and data processing, editing the article, writing the text;Nikogosyan K.M. — writing, editing;Minigalieva I.A. — concept and design of the study;All co-authors — approving the final version of the article and ensuring the integrity of all parts of the article.

Funding

Funding. The study had no funding.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received

Received: 13.03.2026 / Accepted: 24.03.2026 / Published: 25.04.2026

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.