zurniimtpeМедицина труда и промышленная экологияRussian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology1026-94282618-8945FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”10.31089/1026-9428-2025-65-12-808-814mgvqsfzurniimtpe-4010Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWSСиндром эмоционального выгорания и психоэмоциональные нарушения у медицинских работников и обучающихсяBurnout syndrome and psychoemotional disorders in medical professionals and studentshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1206-6379ЧистоваНадежда ПавловнаChistovaNadezhda P.

Научный сотрудник лаборатории иммуно-биохимических и молекулярно-генетических исследований, канд. мед. наук.

e-mail: immun11@yandex.ru

Researcher, Laboratory of Immuno-Biochemical and Molecular Genetic Research, Cand. of Sci. (Med.).

e-mail: immun11@yandex.ru

immun11@yandex.ruФГБНУ «Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических исследований»РоссияEast-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological ResearchRussian Federation2025241220256512808814Copyright © Чистова Н.П., 20252025Чистова Н.П.Chistova N.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/4010

В настоящее время изучение труда медицинских работников является чрезвычайно актуальным, при этом, особое значение имеет исследование синдрома эмоционального выгорания, широко распространённого среди лиц медицинских профессий (43,2–76,9%).

Выполненное исследование представляет собой систематический обзор, проведённый в международной базе научного цитирования PubMed и национальной научной электронной библиотеке eLIBRARY за 2024 г. Обнаружено 150 статей, подходящих для анализа.

Цель исследования — обобщение и анализ современных исследований (2024 г.), посвящённых психоэмоциональным нарушениям и синдрому эмоционального выгорания у медицинских работников.

Причиной формирования синдрома эмоционального выгорания, в первую очередь, является производственный стресс, особенно в профессиях с высоким уровнем ответственности. Факторами риска формирования психоэмоциональных нарушений являются как организационные проблемы и высокая напряжённость труда врачей и медсестёр, так и личные особенности образа жизни, неконструктивные модели поведения в борьбе со стрессом. Синдром эмоционального выгорания может формироваться уже на начальном этапе обучения на врачей и медсестёр, что обуславливает необходимость комплексного воздействия на все компоненты образовательной среды, при этом, молодой возраст является значимым фактором риска возникновения проблем с психическим здоровьем. Проявления синдрома эмоционального выгорания характерны для большинства лиц, которые работали в медицинских организациях в период пандемии COVID-19: для работников «красной зоны» стационара; врачей и среднего медицинского персонала амбулаторно-поликлинического звена; немедицинского персонала за счёт психоэмоциональных перегрузок, связанных с повышенной ответственностью за организацию деятельности учреждения и большим объёмом работ; студентов-медиков, столкнувшихся с новыми вызовами, связанными с COVID-19. Понимание механизмов формирования синдрома эмоционального выгорания и его последствий необходимо для разработки эффективных стратегий помощи лицам с ранними признаками эмоционального выгорания.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Автор заявляет об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Дата поступления

Дата поступления: 18.11.2025 / Дата принятия к печати: 26.11.2025 / Дата публикации: 20.12.2025

Currently, the study of the work of medical workers is extremely relevant, while the study of burnout syndrome, widespread among people in the medical professions (43.2–76.9%), is of particular importance.

The study is a systematic review conducted in the international scientific citation database PubMed and the national scientific electronic library eLibrary for 2024. 150 articles suitable for analysis were found.

The study aims to summarize and analyze modern research (2024) on psychoemotional disorders and burnout syndrome in medical professionals.

The reason for the formation of burnout syndrome, first of all, is industrial stress, especially in professions with a high level of responsibility. Risk factors for the formation of psychoemotional disorders include both organizational problems and high work intensity of doctors and nurses, as well as personal lifestyle characteristics and unconstructive behaviors in dealing with stress.

Burnout syndrome can form already at the initial stage of training for doctors and nurses, which requires a comprehensive impact on all components of the educational environment, while young age is a significant risk factor for mental health problems.

The manifestations of burnout syndrome are typical for the majority of people who worked in medical organizations during the COVID-19 pandemic: for employees of the "red zone" of the hospital; doctors and paramedical staff at the outpatient clinical level; non-medical staff due to psychoemotional overloads associated with increased responsibility for the organization of the institution's activities and a large amount of work; students-medical professionals facing new challenges related to COVID-19 .

Understanding the mechanisms of burnout syndrome formation and its consequences is necessary to develop effective strategies for helping people with early signs of emotional burnout.

Funding

Funding. The study had no funding.

Conflict of interest

Conflict of interest. The author declares no conflict of interest.

Received

Received: 18.11.2025 / Accepted: 26.11.2025 / Published: 20.12.2025

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.