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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zurniimtpe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина труда и промышленная экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1026-9428</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8945</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31089/1026-9428-2025-65-12-800-807</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">yipbai</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zurniimtpe-4009</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка показателей иммунного статуса у работников, занятых обогащением железосодержащих руд</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of immune status indicators in workers engaged in the enrichment of iron‑containing ores</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0359-1785</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хотулева</surname><given-names>Анастасия Григорьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khotuleva</surname><given-names>Anastasia G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ст. науч. сотр. лаб. медико-биологических исследований ФГБНУ «НИИ МТ», ассист. каф. медицины труда, авиационной, космической и водолазной медицины Института общественного здоровья им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана ПМГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России, канд. мед. наук.</p><p>e-mail: hotuleva_an@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Research Associate at the Laboratory of Biomedical Research (Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health), Assistant Professor of the Department of Occupational, Aviation, Space and Diving Medicine (F.F. Erisman Institute of Public Health at the Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University), Cand. of Sci. (Med.).</p><p>e-mail: hotuleva_an@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hotuleva_an@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3186-8024</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмина</surname><given-names>Людмила Павловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmina</surname><given-names>Lyudmila P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зам. директора по научной работе ФГБНУ «НИИ МТ», проф. каф. медицины труда, авиационной, космической и водолазной медицины Института общественного здоровья им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана ПМГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, д-р биол. наук, профессор.</p><p>e-mail: lpkuzmina@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>The Deputy Director for Research (Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health), Professor of the Department of Occupational, Aviation, Space and Diving Medicine (F.F. Erisman Institute of Public Health at the Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University), Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Dr. of Sci. (Biol.), Professor.</p><p>e-mail: lpkuzmina@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lpkuzmina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7325-6704</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хохлова</surname><given-names>Ольга Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khokhlova</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант лаб. медико-биологических исследований ФГБНУ «НИИ МТ».</p><p>e-mail: anuminesalus@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student at the Laboratory of Biomedical Research (Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health).</p><p>e-mail: anuminesalus@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anuminesalus@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5356-1598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коляскина</surname><given-names>Мария Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolyaskina</surname><given-names>Mariya M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ст. науч. сотр. лаб. медико-биологических исследований ФГБНУ «НИИ МТ», преподаватель каф. медицины труда, авиационной, космической и водолазной медицины Института общественного здоровья им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана ПМГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России, канд. мед. наук.</p><p>e-mail: kolaskina_m@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Research Associate at the Laboratory of Biomedical Research (Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health), Teacher of the Department of Occupational, Aviation, Space and Diving Medicine (F.F. Erisman Institute of Public Health at the Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University), Cand. of Sci. (Med.).</p><p>e-mail: kolaskina_m@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kolaskina_m@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7024-6634</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кислякова</surname><given-names>Агата Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kislyakova</surname><given-names>Agatha A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Науч. сотр. лаб. медико-биологических исследований ФГБНУ «НИИ МТ», канд. мед. наук.</p><p>e-mail: agat.iwanowa2017@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher at the Laboratory of Biomedical Research (Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health), Cand. of Sci. (Med.).</p><p>e-mail: agat.iwanowa2017@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">agat.iwanowa2017@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда имени академика Н.Ф. Измерова»; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда имени академика Н.Ф. Измерова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>800</fpage><lpage>807</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хотулева А.Г., Кузьмина Л.П., Хохлова О.В., Коляскина М.М., Кислякова А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хотулева А.Г., Кузьмина Л.П., Хохлова О.В., Коляскина М.М., Кислякова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khotuleva A.G., Kuzmina L.P., Khokhlova O.V., Kolyaskina M.M., Kislyakova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/4009">https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/4009</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Многочисленные исследования свидетельствуют о влиянии вредных производственных факторов на иммунную систему, при этом если на начальных стадиях эти изменения носят адаптивный характер, то при длительном воздействии может наблюдаться развитие дезадаптационных процессов, приводя к функциональным нарушениям работы иммунных клеток, что может способствовать развитию патологии.</p><p>Цель исследования — анализ закономерностей изменений показателей иммунного статуса у работников, занятых обогащением железосодержащих руд.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Основная группа — 95 работников фабрики обогащения железосодержащих руд (вредные факторы: кремний диоксид кристаллический (класс 3.1/3.2), шум (класс 3.1/3.2/3.3), вибрация общая (класс 2/3.1), тяжесть трудового процесса (класс 3.1)); группа сравнения — 85 работников ремонтно-технических профессий (тяжесть трудового процесса (класс 3.1/3.2)).</p><p>Исследованы уровни иммуноглобулинов А, M, G, C3 и С4 компонентов комплемента, интерлейкинов (ИЛ) 1β, 6, 8, 10, 18, фактор некроза опухоли альфа (ФНО-α), моноцитарного хемоаттрактантного протеина-1 (МСР-1), интерферона гамма (ИФН-γ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У работников основной группы достоверно (р&lt;0,05) ниже уровни С3 и С4 компонентов комплемента, ИЛ-1β, ИЛ-6, ИЛ-10, ФНО-α и выше уровни IgG, ИЛ-18, МСР-1, ИФН-γ, чаще (р=0,017) наблюдаются уровни IgМ ниже референтных значений — в 13,7%, чем в группе сравнения. Показано увеличение уровней интерлейкинов со стажем работы: ИЛ-18 — в основной группе, ИЛ-6 — и в основной, и в группе сравнения. У работников основной группы отмечается снижение ИЛ-10, ИФН-γ и повышение МСР-1 при увеличении концентрации аэрозоля и повышение ИЛ-6 и ИФН-γ при увеличении уровня шума. В основной группе выявлены ассоциации курения и ожирения с уровнями иммуноглобулинов и провоспалительных цитокинов.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Исследование ограничено выборкой обследованных одного горно-обогатительного предприятия.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о влиянии воздействия комплекса производственных факторов фабрики по обогащению железосодержащих руд на изменение иммунного статуса работников, что определяет значимость выделения информативных иммунологических показателей для углублённого обследования работников с целью оценки выраженности изменений.</p></sec><sec><title>Этика</title><p>Этика. Исследование проведено с соблюдением этических стандартов проведения медицинских исследований с участием человека согласно требованиям Хельсинской декларации Всемирной медицинской ассоциации. Проведение исследования одобрено заключением локального комитета по этике ФГБНУ «НИИ МТ» (протокол заседания этического комитета ФГБНУ «НИИ МТ» № 5 от 02.08.2023 г.).</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов:Хотулева А.Г. — сбор материала, обработка данных, проведение лабораторных исследований, написание текста, редактирование;Кузьмина Л.П. — концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование;Хохлова О.В. — сбор материала, обработка данных, проведение лабораторных исследований, написание текста;Коляскина М.М. — сбор материала, проведение лабораторных исследований, редактирование;Кислякова А.А. — сбор материала, проведение лабораторных исследований, редактирование.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec><sec><title>Дата поступления</title><p>Дата поступления: 01.12.2025 / Дата принятия к печати: 03.12.2025 / Дата публикации: 20.12.2025</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Numerous studies demonstrate the impact of harmful occupational factors on the immune system. While these changes are adaptive in the initial stages, prolonged exposure can lead to the development of maladaptive processes, leading to functional impairment of immune cells, which can contribute to the development of pathology.</p><p>The study aims to analyze patterns of changes in immune status indicators in workers engaged in the enrichment of iron-containing ores.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The main group consisted of 95 workers employed at an iron ore beneficiation plant (exposed to occupational factors: crystalline silicon dioxide (class 3.1/3.2), noise (class 3.1/3.2/3.3), general vibration (class 2/3.1), and workload severity (class 3.1)). The comparison group consisted of 85 workers in repair and maintenance occupations (workload severity (class 3.1/3.2)).</p><p>The study measured levels of immunoglobulins A, M, G, C3, and C4 complement components, interleukins (IL) 1β, 6, 8, 10, and 18, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and interferon gamma (IFN-γ).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The workers of the main group had significantly (p&lt;0.05) lower levels of C3 and C4 complement components, IL‑1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and higher levels of IgG, IL-18, MCP-1, IFN-γ, more often (p=0.017) the levels of IgM below the reference values were observed — in 13.7% than in the comparison group. An increase in the levels of interleukins with work experience was shown: IL-18 in the main group, IL-6 - in both the main and comparison groups. The workers of the main group showed a decrease in IL-10, IFN-γ and an increase in MCP-1 with an increase in the aerosol concentration and an increase in IL-6 and IFN-γ with an increase in the noise level. In the main group, associations of smoking and obesity with the levels of immunoglobulins and proinflammatory cytokines were found.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. The study is limited to a sample of the surveyed from one mining and processing plant.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The results obtained demonstrate the influence of exposure to a complex of occupational factors at an iron ore enrichment plant on changes in the immune status of workers, which determines the importance of identifying informative immunological indicators for in-depth employee examination to assess the severity of changes.</p></sec><sec><title>Ethics</title><p>Ethics. The study was conducted in compliance with Ethical standards for conducting medical research involving humans in accordance with the requirements of the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association. The study was approved by the conclusion of the local Ethics Committee of the Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health (protocol of meeting No. 5 dated 08/02/2023).</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution:Khotuleva A.G. — collection of material, data processing, laboratory research, writing, editing;Kuzmina L.P. — research concept and design, editing;Khokhlova O.V. — collecting material, data processing, conducting laboratory tests, writing text;Kolyaskina M.M. — collecting material, conducting laboratory research, editing;Kislyakova A.A. — collecting material, conducting laboratory research, editing.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no funding.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interests</title><p>Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: 01.12.2025 / Accepted: 03.12.2025 / Published: 20.12.2025</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>горно-обогатительный комбинат</kwd><kwd>воздействие вредных производственных факторов</kwd><kwd>иммунологические показатели</kwd><kwd>аэрозоль преимущественно фиброгенного действия</kwd><kwd>шум</kwd><kwd>иммуноглобулины</kwd><kwd>система комплемента</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>интерлейкины</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mining and processing plant</kwd><kwd>exposure to harmful occupational factors</kwd><kwd>immunological indicators</kwd><kwd>predominantly fibrogenic aerosol</kwd><kwd>noise</kwd><kwd>immunoglobulins</kwd><kwd>complement system</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>interleukins</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Прокопенко Л.В., Чеботарёв А.Г., Головкова Н.П., Лескина Л.М., Николаев С.П. 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