zurniimtpeМедицина труда и промышленная экологияRussian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology1026-94282618-8945FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”10.31089/1026-9428-2023-63-11-754-759wzjlyfzurniimtpe-3337Research ArticleКРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯBRIEF REPORTSИзменения уровня микроэлементов в головном мозге крыс после воздействия низких доз кадмияChanges in the level of trace elements in the rat brain after exposure to low doses of cadmiumhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0037-6791ФазлыеваАнна СергеевнаFazlievaAnna S.

Младший научный сотрудник, ФБУН «Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда и экологии человека»

e-mail: nytik-21@yandex.ru

Junior researcher, Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology

e-mail: nytik-21@yandex.ru

nytik-21@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0039-6757КаримовДенис О.KarimovDenis O.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0421-4802ДаукаевРустем А.DaukaevRustem A.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7957-2399СмолянкинДенис А.SmolyankinDenis A.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-2703ЗеленковскаяЕвгения Е.ZelenkovskayaEugenia E.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2818-1558КуриловМихаил В.KurilovMikhail V.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2042-8162МусабировДмитрий Э.MusabirovDmitry E.noemail@neicon.ruФБУН «Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда и экологии человека»РоссияUfa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human EcologyRussian Federation2023151220236311754759Copyright © Фазлыева А.С., Каримов Д.О., Даукаев Р.А., Смолянкин Д.А., Зеленковская Е.Е., Курилов М.В., Мусабиров Д.Э., 20232023Фазлыева А.С., Каримов Д.О., Даукаев Р.А., Смолянкин Д.А., Зеленковская Е.Е., Курилов М.В., Мусабиров Д.Э.Fazlieva A.S., Karimov D.O., Daukaev R.A., Smolyankin D.A., Zelenkovskaya E.E., Kurilov M.V., Musabirov D.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/3337

Кадмий является одним из распространённых токсичных элементов. Из-за большого химического сходства с кальцием, медью и цинком, он может их замещать. Пища является основным путём поступления кадмия в организм человека. Исследований по влиянию низких доз кадмия на метаболизм микроэлементов очень мало, поэтому представляет интерес изучение последствий воздействия низких уровней кадмия в тканях головного мозга.

Цель исследования — оценить накопление кадмия в головном мозге экспериментальных животных и его воздействие на уровень микроэлементов.

Животные были разделены на 4 группы (n=10): первая группа служила контролем; 2, 3 и 4 группы получали 1, 10 и 100 мкг кадмия на кг массы тела (Cd1, Cd10, Cd100), в течение 30, 60 и 90 дней соответственно. Раствор хлорида кадмия вводили ежедневно через желудочный зонд. Оценивали содержание кадмия, кальция, меди и цинка в головном мозге с помощью атомно-абсорбционного анализа.

Результаты этого исследования показали, что интоксикация хлоридом кадмия не приводило к накоплению металла в головном мозге в группе Cd1 и Cd10, а значение концентрации кадмия в группе Cd100 не зависело от времени воздействия. Статистические значимые изменения концентрации цинка и меди наблюдали через три месяца воздействия кадмия. Содержание цинка дозозависимо повышалось, а содержание меди уменьшалось.

Воздействие кадмия в течение трех месяцев в малых дозах не приводит к значительному накоплению в головном мозге, но вызывает дисбаланс эссенциальных элементов, таких как кальций, цинк и медь.

Этика

Этика. Исследование проведено в соответствии с Европейской конвенцией о защите позвоночных животных, используемых для экспериментов или в иных научных целях (ETS № 123), директивой Европейского парламента и Совета Европейского Союза 2010/63/EC от 22.09.2010 г. о защите животных, использующихся для научных целей и одобрено биоэтической комиссией ФБУН «Уфимского НИИ медицины труда и экологии человека».

Участие авторов

Участие авторов:Фазлыева А.С. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор и обработка данных, написание текста;Каримов Д.О. — концепция и дизайн исследования, написание текста;Даукаев Р.А. — редактирование;Смолянкин Д.А. — сбор и обработка данных;Зеленковская Е.Е. — редактирование;Курилов М.В. — сбор и обработка данных;Мусабиров Д.Э. — сбор и обработка данных.Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Финансирование

Финансирование. Отраслевая научно-исследовательская программа Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека на 2021–2025 гг. «Научное обоснование национальной системы обеспечения санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия, управления рисками здоровью и повышения качества жизни населения России» п. 6.1.9.

Конфликт интересов

Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Дата поступления

Дата поступления: 25.08.2023 / Дата принятия к печати: 14.11.2023 / Дата публикации: 15.12.2023

Cadmium is one of the most common toxic elements. Due to its great chemical similarity to calcium, copper and zinc, it can replace them. Food is the main route of cadmium intake into the human body. There are very few studies on the effect of low doses of cadmium on the metabolism of trace elements, so it is of interest to study the effects of exposure to low levels of cadmium in brain tissues.

The study aims to evaluate the accumulation of cadmium in the brain of experimental animals and its effect on the level of trace elements.

We have divided the animals into four groups (n=10): the first group served as a control, groups two, three and four, received one, ten and 100 micrograms of cadmium per kg of body weight (Cd1, Cd10, Cd100), respectively, for 30, 60 and 90 days. The researchers injected cadmium chloride solution daily through a gastric tube. The content of cadmium, calcium, copper and zinc in the brain was assessed using atomic absorption analysis.

The results of this study showed that cadmium chloride intoxication did not lead to metal accumulation in the brain in the Cd1 and Cd10 groups, and the value of cadmium concentration in the Cd100 group did not depend on the time of exposure. The researchers have observed statistically significant changes in zinc and copper concentrations after three months of exposure to cadmium. The zinc content increased depending on the dose, and the copper content decreased.

Exposure to cadmium for three months in small doses does not lead to significant accumulation in the brain, but causes an imbalance of essential elements such as calcium, zinc and copper.

Ethics

Ethics. The study was conducted in accordance with the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Experiments or Other Scientific Purposes (ETS No. 123), Directive 2010/63/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union dated 09/22/2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes and approved by the Bioethical Commission of the Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology.

Contribution

Contribution:Fazlyeva A.S. — the concept and design of the study, data collection and processing, writing the text;Karimov D.O. — the concept and design of the study, writing the text;Daukaev R.A. — editing;Smolyankin D.A. — data collection and processing;Zelenkovskaya E.E. — editing;Kurilov M.V. — data collection and processing;Musabirov D.E. — data collection and processing.All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Funding

Funding. Sectoral research program of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human well-being for 2021–2025. "Scientific justification of the national system for ensuring sanitary and epidemiological well-being, health risk management and improving the quality of life of the Russian population" item 6.1.9.

Conflict of interests

Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interests.

Received

Received: 25.08.2023 / Accepted: 14.11.2023 / Published: 15.12.2023

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.