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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zurniimtpe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина труда и промышленная экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1026-9428</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8945</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ouamla</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zurniimtpe-3279</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОМЫШЛЕННАЯ ЭКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Начальная оценка диоксинов, загрязняющих среду за пределами санитарной зоны полигона отходов производства и потребления «Лесная» (г. Серпухов, Московская область)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Initial assessment of dioxins polluting the environment outside the sanitary zone of the landfill of production and consumption waste "Lesnaya" (Serpukhov, Moscow region)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6645-8677</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румак</surname><given-names>Владимир С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Roumak</surname><given-names>Vladimir S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6507986855</p><p>https://istina.msu.ru/profile/roumak/</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мышлявкина</surname><given-names>Татьяна А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Myshliavkina</surname><given-names>Tatiana A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7318-8046</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лавренов</surname><given-names>Антон Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lavrenov</surname><given-names>Anton R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=56046623800</p><p>https://istina.msu.ru/profile/LavrenovAR/</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6108-0409</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шелепчиков</surname><given-names>Андрей А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelepchikov</surname><given-names>Andrey A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>https://istina.msu.ru/workers/2320362/</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1615-2194</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Умнова</surname><given-names>Наталия Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Umnova</surname><given-names>Nataliya V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории Центр безопасности биосистем, ФГБУ «Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н. Северцова» РАН.</p><p>e-mail: unv2014@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>https://istina.msu.ru/profile/noumnova/</p><p>https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6701771785</p><p>For correspondence: Natalia V. Umnova, the leading researcher of the Laboratory at Biosystems Security Center, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, RAS.E-mail: unv2014@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">unv2014@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н. Северцова» РАН; ФГБУ «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, RAS; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н. Северцова» РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>617</fpage><lpage>626</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Румак В.С., Мышлявкина Т.А., Лавренов А.Р., Шелепчиков А.А., Умнова Н.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Румак В.С., Мышлявкина Т.А., Лавренов А.Р., Шелепчиков А.А., Умнова Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Roumak V.S., Myshliavkina T.A., Lavrenov A.R., Shelepchikov A.A., Umnova N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/3279">https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/3279</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Полигоны отходов производства и потребления, эксплуатация которых сопровождается нежелательными выбросами и/или сбросами диоксинов, встречаются повсеместно.</p><p>Процессы переноса этих химических веществ током воздуха и воды за пределы санитарных зон, включения в трофические цепи, биоаккумуляции и сверкумуляции могут способствовать запуску токсического процесса при содержании в среде малых субтоксичных доз. Особенно важно это учитывать для агропромышленных и селитебных регионов.</p><p>Цель исследования — оценить диоксиновое загрязнение окружающей среды за пределами санитарной зоны полигона твёрдых отходов производства и потребления «Лесная» (полигон «Лесная») путём начальных (скринговых) исследований ожидаемого риска для здоровья населения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Диоксиновое загрязнение характеризовали величинами концентраций токсичных для человека конгенеров в специально приготовленных пробах, а также показателями суммарной токсичности (WHO-TEQ05). Пробы готовили из поверхностных слоёв почв и тушек животных, представляющих сменяющие друг друга поколения (группировки) зимнего и летнего сезонов природной популяции рыжей полёвки (Clethrionomys glareolus). Концентрации конгенеров измеряли методом хромато-масс-спектрометрии высокого разрешения.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Все пробы содержали диоксины. Хорошая сопоставимость спектров профилей конгенеров этих веществ в пробах почв и тканях животных свидетельствует в пользу общей истории их происхождения, а также формирования в окружающей среде условий для практически непрерывного действия малых доз смесей этих веществ на обитателей. В пробах почв значения показателя WHO-TEQ05 были значимо меньше гигиенического норматива. В тканях животных концентрации конгенеров, характеризуемых выраженной гормоноподобной токсичностью, тератогенными, эмбриотоксическими и канцерогенными свойствами, в первую очередь 2,3,7,8-тетрахлордибензо-п-диоксина, оказались очень высокими.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Последствия длительного воздействия на локальную природную популяцию рыжей полёвки малых доз диоксинов в условиях загрязнения среды за пределами санитарной зоны полигона «Лесная» характеризовало накопление в их тканях токсикантов с гормоноподобными свойствами, способных запускать механизмы формирования и развития токсического процесса при любых концентрациях. Научно-практическую значимость полученного результата определяют перспективы создания на его основе методического приёма для решения задачи начальной (скрининговой) оценки риска для здоровья населения, а именно опасности малых концентраций (доз) диоксинов, загрязняющих среду.</p></sec><sec><title>Этика</title><p>Этика. Исследования с участием животных проходили с соблюдением следующих нормативных актов: Хельсинкской декларации 2000 г. «О гуманном отношении к животным»; Приказа Минздрава СССР № 755 от 12.08.1977 г. «Правила проведения работ с использованием экспериментальных животных»; Приказа Минздравсоцразвития России № 199н от 01.04.2016 г. «Об утверждении правил лабораторной практики». Метод эвтаназии соответствовал требованиям ст. 6 и Приложения IV Директивы Европейского парламента и Совета Европейского союза 2010/63/ EC от 22.09.2010 г. о защите животных, использующихся для научных целей.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов:Румак В.С. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор и обработка данных, написание текста, редактирование;Мышлявкина Т.А. — сбор и обработка данных;Лавренов А.Р. — пробоподготовка и обработка данных;Шелепчиков А.А. — измерение концентраций конгенеров в пробах;Умнова Н.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования, обработка данных, написание текста, редактирование.</p></sec><sec><title>Благодарности</title><p>Благодарности. Авторы выражают благодарность депутату Государственной думы VI созыва, учредителю Общественного регионального экологического фонда «Гражданин» Максиму Андреевичу Шингаркину, а также экоактивисту и общественному деятелю Андрею Викторовичу Елькину за активную поддержку выполненных нами исследований.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Работа выполнена в рамках плановой тематики ИПЭЭ РАН и биофака МГУ при финансовой поддержке от регионального экологического общественного фонда «Гражданин».</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec><sec><title>Дата поступления</title><p>Дата поступления: 01.08.2023 / Дата принятия к печати: 12.09.2023 / Дата публикации: 05.10.2023</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Landfills of production and consumption waste exist everywhere. Their operation is closely related to unwanted emissions and/or discharges of dioxins. The processes of transfer of these chemicals by air and water flow outside sanitary zones, inclusion in trophic chains, bioaccumulation and overcumulation can contribute to the launch of a toxic process when low subtoxic doses are contained in the medium. It is especially important to take this into account for agro-industrial and residential regions.</p><p>The study aims to assess the dioxin pollution of the environment outside the sanitary zone of the solid waste landfill of production and consumption "Lesnaya" (landfill "Lesnaya") by initial (screening) studies of the expected risk to public health.</p><p>Materials and methods. Experts characterized dioxin contamination by concentrations of compounds toxic to humans in specially prepared samples, as well as indicators of general toxicity (WHO-TEQ05). The researchers obtained samples from the surface layers of soil and animal carcasses representing successive generations (groupings) of the winter and summer seasons of the natural population of the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus). Concentrations of related substances were measured by high-resolution chromatography-mass spectrometry.</p><p>Results. All samples contained dioxins. The good comparability of the profiles of congeners of these substances in soil samples and animal tissues testifies to the general history of their origin, as well as the formation of conditions in the environment for the almost continuous action of small doses of mixtures of these substances on the inhabitants. In soil samples, the values of the WHO-TEQ05 index were significantly less than the hygienic standard. In animal tissues, concentrations of congeners characterized by pronounced hormone-like toxicity, teratogenic, embryotoxic and carcinogenic properties, primarily 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, were very high.</p><p>Conclusions. The consequences of prolonged exposure to the local natural population of the bank vole of small doses of dioxins in conditions of environmental pollution outside the sanitary zone of the Lesnaya landfill were characterized by the accumulation in their tissues of toxicants with hormone-like properties capable of triggering the mechanisms of formation and development of the toxic process at any concentrations. The scientific and practical significance of the obtained result is determined by the prospects for creating a methodological technique based on it to solve the problem of initial (screening) assessment of the risk to public health, namely the danger of low concentrations (doses) of dioxins polluting the environment.</p><p>Ethics. Scientists have conducted the studies involving animals in accordance with the following rules: Helsinki Declaration of 2000 "On humane treatment of animals"; Order of the Ministry of Health of the USSR No. 755 of 12.08.1977 "Rules for carrying out work using experimental animals"; Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia No. 199n of 01.04.2016 "On approval of the rules of laboratory practice". The method of euthanasia complied with the requirements of Article 6 and Annex IV of the Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union 2010/63/EC of 22.09.2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes.</p><p>Contribution:</p><p>Rumak V.S. — research concept and design, data collection and processing, the text writing, editing;</p><p>Myshlyavkina T.A. — data collection and processing;</p><p>Lavrenov A.R. — sample preparation and data processing;</p><p>Shelepchikov A.A. — measurement of congener concentrations in samples;</p><p>Umnova N.V. — research concept and design, data processing, the text writing, editing.</p><p>Acknowledgement. The authors express their gratitude to Maxim A. Shingarkin (public figure, deputy of the State Duma of the 6th convocation, founder of the foundation "Grazhdanin") and Andrey V. El’kin (public figure, ecological activist) for help in conducting the study.</p><p>Funding. This study was performed according to the State programs of A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution (Russian Academy of Sciences) and M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU) and was supported by the regional ecological public foundation "Grazhdanin".</p><p> </p><p>Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interests.</p><p> </p><p>Received: 01.08.2023 / Accepted: 12.09.2023 / Published: 05.10.2023</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диоксин</kwd><kwd>скрининговая оценка риска</kwd><kwd>малые субтоксичные дозы</kwd><kwd>полигоны твёрдых отходов производства и потребления</kwd><kwd>рыжая полёвка</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Софронов Г.А., Рембовский В.Р., Радилов А.С., Могиленкова Л.А. Современные взгляды на механизмы токсического действия диоксинов и их санитарно-гигиеническое нормирование. 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