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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zurniimtpe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина труда и промышленная экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1026-9428</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8945</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31089/1026-9428-2023-63-3-163-170</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zurniimtpe-3136</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние категории стимула на характеристики движений глаз при зрительном поиске</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The influence of the stimulus category on the characteristics of eye movements in visual search</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4300-818X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лунякова</surname><given-names>Елизавета Геннадьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Luniakova</surname><given-names>Elizaveta G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старший научный сотрудник лаборатории «Восприятие» ф-та психологии МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова), кандидат психологических наук.</p><p>e-mail: eglun@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>The senior researcher at the Perception Laboratory of the Faculty of Psychology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Candidate of Psychological Sciences.</p><p>e-mail: eglun@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eglun@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крускоп</surname><given-names>Александр С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kruskop</surname><given-names>Alexander S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9173-0329</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубровский</surname><given-names>Виктор Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Doubrovski</surname><given-names>Victor E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>163</fpage><lpage>170</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лунякова Е.Г., Крускоп А.С., Дубровский В.Е., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лунякова Е.Г., Крускоп А.С., Дубровский В.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Luniakova E.G., Kruskop A.S., Doubrovski V.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/3136">https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/3136</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Скорость и эффективность зрительного поиска — важные характеристики деятельности значительного круга специалистов, работающих с визуальной информацией. Особенности зрительного поиска широко изучались с позиций когнитивной психологии и в связи с моделированием глазодвигательной активности. Было показано, что на его эффективность и на параметры поисковых движений глаз влияют как факторы стимуляции, так и некоторые когнитивные факторы (особенности предустановки субъекта, влияние предыдущих этапов поиска и др.). Мы предполагаем, что особенности поиска также связаны с тем, насколько хорошо человек представляет искомый стимул: относится ли он к знакомой семантической категории, насколько точна и однозначна его визуальная репрезентация.</p><p>Цель исследования — изучение взаимосвязи параметров движений глаз в зрительном поиске и особенностей ментальной репрезентации целевого объекта.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Были созданы наборы стимулов, относящихся к разным семантическим категориям, характеризующихся разной точностью ментальных репрезентаций, но обладающих сходными сенсорными качествами. Каждый объект (как целевой стимул, так и дистрактор) в поисковом поле представлял собой черный кружок на белом фоне с 4 чёрными отрезками внутри. Отрезки образовывали одну из трех конфигураций: а) лицо; б) римская цифра; в) случайная конфигурация. Участникам исследования предлагалось найти в матрице из 84 объектов конкретный целевой стимул, относящийся к одной из трёх указанных категорий. Во время поиска осуществлялась регистрация движений глаз участника.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Результаты исследования в целом подтвердили гипотезу о взаимосвязи характеристик поиска с категорией целевого объекта. Наименьшее количество ошибок, минимальная продолжительность фиксации и максимальная амплитуда саккад характеризовали поиск римских цифр — объектов с хорошо сформированной и чётко определённой визуальной репрезентацией. Самым сложным, как и ожидалось, был поиск объектов, представляющих собой случайные конфигурации отрезков.</p></sec><sec><title>Ограничения исследования</title><p>Ограничения исследования. Поскольку исследование носило, во многом, поисковый характер, полученные результаты требуют уточнения на более широкой выборке. Возможно, на характеристики поиска оказал влияние такой не проконтролированный в исследовании фактор, как конфигурация линий, а именно — наличие или отсутствие их пересечений, что следует учесть в дальнейшей работе.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Чем лучше сформирована визуальная репрезентация целевого объекта, тем успешнее оказывается его поиск. В этом случае движения глаз характеризуются меньшей длительностью фиксаций и более высокой частотой саккад большей амплитуды.</p></sec><sec><title>Этика</title><p>Этика. Исследование проведено с соблюдением этических принципов, изложенных в Хельсинкской декларации всемирной медицинской ассоциации, все участники дали добровольное информированное согласие.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов:Лунякова Е.Г. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор и обработка данных, написание текста, редактирование;Крускоп А.С. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор и обработка данных, написание текста;Дубровский В.Е. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор и обработка данных, редактирование.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec><sec><title>Дата поступления</title><p>Дата поступления: 08.02.2023 / Дата принятия к печати: 14.02.2023 / Дата публикации: 20.03.2023</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The speed and efficiency of visual search are important characteristics of the activities of a significant range of specialists working with visual information. Specialists have carefully studied the features of visual search from the point of view of cognitive psychology and in connection with the modeling of oculomotor activity. It has been shown that its effectiveness and the parameters of search eye movements are influenced by both stimulation factors and some cognitive factors (features of the subject's preset, the influence of previous search stages, etc.). We assume that the search features are also related to how well a person represents the desired stimulus: whether it belongs to a familiar semantic category, how accurate and unambiguous its visual representation is.</p><p>The study aims to explore the relationship between the parameters of eye movements in visual search and the features of the mental representation of the target object.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We have created sets of stimuli belonging to different semantic categories, characterized by different accuracy of mental representations, but having similar sensory qualities. Each object (both the target stimulus and the distractor) in the search field was a black circle on a white background with four black segments inside. The segments formed one of three configurations: a) a face; b) a Roman numeral; c) a random configuration. The study participants were asked to find in a matrix of 84 objects a specific target stimulus belonging to one of the three specified categories. The scientists recorded the participant's eye movements during the search.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The results of the study generally confirmed the hypothesis about the relationship of search characteristics with the category of the target object. The smallest number of errors, the minimum duration of fixation and the maximum amplitude of saccades characterized the search for Roman numerals — objects with a well-formed and well-defined visual representation. The most difficult, as expected, was the search for objects representing random configurations of segments.</p></sec><sec><title>Limitations</title><p>Limitations. Since the study was largely exploratory in nature, the results obtained require clarification on a wider sample. It is possible that the characteristics of the search were influenced by such a factor not controlled in the study as the configuration of the lines, namely, the presence or absence of their intersections, which should be taken into account in further work.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The better the visual representation of the target object is formed, the more successful its search is. In this case, eye movements are characterized by a shorter duration of fixation and a higher frequency of saccades of greater amplitude.</p></sec><sec><title>Ethics</title><p>Ethics. The study was conducted in compliance with the ethical principles set out in the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association, all participants gave voluntary informed consent.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution:Lunyakova E.G. — the concept and design of the study, data collection and processing, writing the text, editing;Kruskop A.S. — the concept and design of the study, data collection and processing, writing the text;Dubrovsky V.E. — the concept and design of the study, data collection and processing, editing.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no funding.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interests</title><p>Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interests.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: 08.02.2023 / Accepted: 14.02.2023 / Published: 20.03.2023</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>зрительный поиск</kwd><kwd>движения глаз</kwd><kwd>фиксация</kwd><kwd>саккада</kwd><kwd>внимание</kwd><kwd>функциональное зрительное поле</kwd><kwd>ментальная репрезентация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>visual search</kwd><kwd>eye movements</kwd><kwd>fixation</kwd><kwd>saccade</kwd><kwd>attention</kwd><kwd>functional visual field</kwd><kwd>mental representation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gandomkar Z., Mello-Thoms C. Visual search in breast imaging. The British journal of radiology. 2019; 92(1102): 20190057.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gandomkar Z., Mello-Thoms C. Visual search in breast imaging. 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