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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zurniimtpe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина труда и промышленная экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1026-9428</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8945</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31089/1026-9428-2022-62-11-733-739</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zurniimtpe-3064</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разработка и внедрение концепции по замене высокоопасных веществ безопасными химическими альтернативами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development and implementation of a concept for substitution of the highly hazardous substances with safe chemical alternatives</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7319-5337</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хамидулина</surname><given-names>Халидя Хизбулаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khamidulina</surname><given-names>Khalidia Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Директор Филиала РПОХБВ ФБУН «ФНЦГ им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора, профессор, заведующий кафедрой гигиены ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России, д-р мед. наук.</p><p>e-mail: director@rosreg.info</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Director of the branch of "Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances", F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene of Rospotrebnadzor, Head of the Department of Hygiene of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Professor, Dr. of Sci. (Med.).</p><p>e-mail: director@rosreg.info</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">director@rosreg.info</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2124-6440</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Проскурина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Proskurina</surname><given-names>Angelina S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-3123</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasova</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Филиал «Российский регистр потенциально опасных химических и биологических веществ» ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances - Branch of F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Hygiene Center, Rospotrebnadzor; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Филиал «Российский регистр потенциально опасных химических и биологических веществ» ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Register of Potentially Hazardous Chemical and Biological Substances - Branch of F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Hygiene Center, Rospotrebnadzor</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>62</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>733</fpage><lpage>739</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хамидулина Х.Х., Проскурина А.С., Тарасова Е.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хамидулина Х.Х., Проскурина А.С., Тарасова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khamidulina K.K., Proskurina A.S., Tarasova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/3064">https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/3064</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Концепция замены химических веществ в настоящее время всё чаще включается в политические и нормативные меры во всём мире для снижения рисков химических веществ для здоровья человека и окружающей среды, а также в отраслевые инициативы по устойчивому управлению химическими веществами. Помимо конвенциональных веществ, регулируемых документами ЕЭК, в РФ, к сожалению, нет законодательно установленного механизма по выявлению, запрету и ограничению производства и потребления высокоопасных химических соединений.</p><p>Цель исследований — разработка и научное обоснование концепции по замещению высокоопасных химических веществ на более безопасные альтернативы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Изучены и проанализированы руководства и рекомендации ОЭСР, ВОЗ, МОТ, ФАО, ЮНЕП, а также нормативно-методические документы ЕС, США, Канады и других государств по критериям отнесения веществ к высокоопасным; организации и осуществлению их мониторинга в объектах окружающей среды; подбору безопасных химических альтернатив.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Концепция замещения включает научное обоснование критериев отнесения веществ к высокоопасным, организацию и обобщение данных мониторинга среды обитания человека и обращения на рынке опасной химической продукции, разработку перечня высокоопасных химических веществ, приоритетных для регулирования; подбор безопасных альтернатив и их сравнительный анализ с учётом оценки преимуществ альтернативы перед существующей технологией/веществом, осуществление управленческих решений.</p><p>Критериями для идентификации веществ, вызывающих наибольшую озабоченность, и подбора их альтернатив являются следующие показатели: биологическая активность (канцерогены, мутагены, репротоксиканты 1А и 1В классов по СГС, эндокринные разрушители), стабильность в окружающей среде, способность к биоаккумуляции, возможность межсредового переноса, токсичность для представителей водной биоты (острая и хроническая токсичность 1 класса опасности по СГС), объёмы производства (объёмы выбросов и сбросов), количество контактирующих лиц.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Проведённый анализ международной практики регулирования высокоопасных химических веществ свидетельствует о необходимости внедрения на национальном уровне и в рамках Евразийского экономического союза программы по систематическому мониторингу обращающихся на рынке химических веществ, обладающих высокой степенью риска, с целью выведения из оборота и замещения их безопасными аналогами.</p><p>Внедрение концепции по замене высокоопасных веществ безопасными химическими альтернативами позволило создать проект национального списка запрещённых и ограниченных высокоопасных химических веществ, релевантных для различных отраслей промышленности (пищевая, материалы, основная химия).</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов:Хамидулина Х.Х. — концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование, утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи;Проскурина А.С. — сбор и обработка материала, написание текста;Тарасова Е.В. — концепция исследования, редактирование.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование финансировалось за счёт государственной программы «Обеспечение химической и биологической безопасности Российской Федерации».</p></sec><sec><title>Дата поступления</title><p>Дата поступления: 01.12.2022 / Дата принятия к печати: 06.12.2022 / Дата публикации: 12.12.2022</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The concept of chemical substitution is now increasingly included in policy and regulatory efforts around the world to reduce the risks of chemicals to human health and the environment, as well as in industry initiatives for the sustainable management of chemicals. With the exception of conventional substances regulated by EEC documents, unfortunately, there is no legislatively established mechanism for identifying, banning and limiting the production and consumption of highly hazardous chemical compounds in the Russian Federation.</p><p>The purpose of the research is to develop and scientifically substantiate the concept of replacing highly hazardous chemicals with safer alternatives.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The guidelines and recommendations of the OECD, WHO, ILO, FAO, UNEP, as well as regulatory and methodological documents of the EU, the USA, Canada and other states on the criteria for classifying substances as highly hazardous, organizing and monitoring them in environmental objects and selection of safe chemical alternatives were studied and analyzed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The concept of substitution includes the scientific substantiation of the criteria for classifying substances as highly hazardous, the organization and generalization of data from monitoring the human environment and the circulation of hazardous chemical products on the market, the development of a list of highly hazardous chemicals that are priority for regulation; selection of safe alternatives and their comparative analysis, taking into account the assessment of the advantages of the alternative over the existing technology/substance, implementation of management decisions.</p><p>The criteria for identifying substances of highly concern and selecting their alternatives are the following indicators: biological activity (carcinogens, mutagens, reprotoxicants class 1A and 1B in accordance with GHS, endocrine disruptors); stability in the environment; bioaccumulative potential; the possibility of cross-media transfer; aquatic toxicity (acute and chronic toxicity of hazard class 1 in accordance with GHS); production volumes (volumes of emissions and discharges); number of contacts.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The analysis of the international practice of regulating highly hazardous chemicals indicates the need to implement at the national level and within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union a program for the systematic monitoring of high-risk chemicals circulating on the market in order to withdraw them from circulation and replace them with safe analogues.</p><p>Implementation of the concept of replacing highly hazardous substances with safe chemical alternatives allows to create a draft national list of banned and restricted highly hazardous chemicals relevant to various industries (food, materials, basic chemistry).</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution:Khamidulina Kh.Kh. — concept and design of the study, editing, approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article;Proskurina A.S. — collection and processing of material, writing the text;Tarasova E.V. — research concept, editing.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interests</title><p>Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interest</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study was funded by the state program "Ensuring the chemical and biological safety of the Russian Federation".</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: 01.12.2022 / Accepted: 06.12.2022 / Published: 12.12.2022</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>концепция</kwd><kwd>замещение</kwd><kwd>мониторинг</kwd><kwd>вещество</kwd><kwd>опасность</kwd><kwd>альтернатива</kwd><kwd>аналог</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>concept</kwd><kwd>substitution</kwd><kwd>monitoring</kwd><kwd>substance</kwd><kwd>danger</kwd><kwd>alternative</kwd><kwd>analogue</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Руководство по ключевым соображениям для определения и выбора более безопасных химических альтернатив. Серия ОЭСР по управлению рисками, № 60. 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