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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zurniimtpe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина труда и промышленная экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1026-9428</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8945</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31089/1026-9428-2022-62-7-430-436</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zurniimtpe-2991</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эпидемиология профессиональных интерстициальных заболеваний лёгких в России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The epidemiology of occupational interstitial lung diseases in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8317-2718</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бухтияров</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bukhtiyarov</surname><given-names>Igor V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3374-9320</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Галина Павловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>Galina P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ведущий научный сотрудник, ФГБОУ ВО «ПСПбГМУ им. И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России, д-р мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник.</p><p>e-mail: galorlova@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher.</p><p>e-mail: galorlova@mail.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galorlova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9135-280X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреенко</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreenko</surname><given-names>Oleg N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7084-6472</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Землякова</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zemlyakova</surname><given-names>Svetlana S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда имени академика Н.Ф. Измерова»; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России; ФБУН «Северо-Западный научный центр гигиены и общественного здоровья» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University of St. Petersburg; North-West Scientific Center for Hygiene and Public Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Северо-Западный научный центр гигиены и общественного здоровья» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-West Scientific Center for Hygiene and Public Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда имени академика Н.Ф. Измерова»; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>62</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>430</fpage><lpage>436</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бухтияров И.В., Орлова Г.П., Андреенко О.Н., Землякова С.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бухтияров И.В., Орлова Г.П., Андреенко О.Н., Землякова С.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bukhtiyarov I.V., Orlova G.P., Andreenko O.N., Zemlyakova S.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/2991">https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/2991</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. К профессиональным интерстициальным заболеваниям лёгких (ИЗЛ) относятся экзогенный аллергический альвеолит (ЭАА), экзогенный токсический альвеолит (ЭТА), пневмокониозы. Факт воздействия внешних факторов установлен у 35% больных ИЗЛ, при этом связь заболевания с профессией была подтверждена в 10% случаев.</p><p>Цель исследования — оценить распространённость и уточнить причины неудовлетворительной диагностики профессиональных ИЗЛ в России.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проводился анализ официально регистрируемой профессиональной заболеваемости в РФ и Северо-Западном федеральном округе за 2018–2020 гг. и исследование эффективности экспертизы связи заболевания с профессией при подозрении на профессиональное заболевание у 121 пациента с установленным диагнозом ЭАА.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что среди впервые выявленных в РФ в 2020 году профессиональных ИЗЛ ведущее место занимали пневмокониозы — 92,7%, из которых треть случаев (34,6%) приходилась на силикоз. Кониотуберкулез устанавливался в 0,8% случаев, ЭАА — в 6% случаев, при этом у 9 больных (4%) диагноз регистрировался как «ЭАА», а у 5 больных (2%) — как «Гиперчувствительный пневмонит». Токсический пневмосклероз составлял 0,4%. В СЗФО из всех профессиональных заболеваний органов дыхания ИЗЛ выявлялись в 18.5% (2018 г.), 8,6% (2019 г.), в 20,4% случаев (2020 г.), из которых ведущее место занимали пневмокониозы. Было зарегистрировано всего 3 случая экзогенных альвеолитов. Проанализированы причины недостаточной регистрации профессиональных экзогенных альвеолитов. Низкая выявляемость профессиональных экзогенных альвеолитов обусловлена как недостаточной приверженностью больных к установлению профессионального заболевания, так и низким качеством проведения периодических медицинских осмотров работников вследствие сокрытия жалоб больными, использования низко-информативной флюорографии, неправильной интерпретацией результатов обследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Таким образом, среди профессиональных ИЗЛ, ведущее место занимают пневмокониозы. Неполная регистрация случаев профессиональных экзогенных альвеолитов обусловлена неудовлетворительной диагностикой, терминологической несогласованностью в обозначении ЭАА и ЭТА, неадекватным кодированием ЭТА от воздействия производственных химических факторов.</p></sec><sec><title>Этика</title><p>Этика. Данное исследование не требовало заключения этического комитета.</p></sec><sec><title>Участие авторов</title><p>Участие авторов:Бухтияров И.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование;Орлова Г.П. — концепция и дизайн исследования, сбор и обработка данных, написание текста, редактирование;Андреенко О.Н. — сбор и обработка данных;Землякова С.С. — сбор и обработка данных.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec><sec><title>Дата поступления</title><p>Дата поступления: 07.07.2022 / Дата принятия к печати: 21.07.2022 / Дата публикации: 15.08.2022</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Occupational interstitial lung diseases (ILD) include exogenous allergic alveolitis (EAA), exogenous toxic alveolitis (ETA), pneumoconiosis. The scientists have established the fact of exposure to external factors in 35% of patients with ILD. We have confirmed the association of the disease with the profession in 10% of cases.</p><p>The study aims to assess the prevalence and clarify the reasons for the unsatisfactory diagnosis of occupational diseases (ILD) in Russia.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The researchers have conducted the analysis of officially registered occupational morbidity in the Russian Federation and the North-Western Federal District (NWFD) for 2018–2020 and the study of the effectiveness of the examination of the connection of the disease with the profession in case of suspected occupational disease in 121 patients with an established diagnosis of EAA.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. We have established that among the occupational diseases ILD first identified in the Russian Federation in 2020, pneumoconiosis occupied the leading place — 92.7%, of which a third of cases (34.6%) were silicosis. Coniotuberculosis was in 0.8% of cases, EAA — in 6% of cases, while in 9 patients (4%) the diagnosis was as "EAA", and in 5 patients (2%) — as "Hypersensitive pneumonitis". Toxic pneumosclerosis was 0.4%. In the NWFD, experts have registered all occupational diseases of the respiratory system: ILD — 18.5% (2018), 8.6% (2019), in 20.4% of cases (2020), of which pneumoconiosis took the leading place. There were only 3 cases of exogenous alveolitis. The researchers have analyzed the reasons of insufficient registration of professional exogenous alveolites. The low detectability of professional exogenous alveolitis is due to both the insufficient commitment of patients to the establishment of an occupational disease, and the poor quality of periodic medical examinations of employees due to the concealment of complaints by patients, the use of low-informative fluorography, incorrect interpretation of the results of the examination.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Thus, among occupational ILDs, pneumoconiosis was on the leading position. Incomplete registration of cases of occupational exogenous alveolitis is due to insufficient diagnosis, terminological inconsistency in the designation of EAA and ETA, inadequate coding of ETA from exposure of industrial chemical factors.</p></sec><sec><title>Ethics</title><p>Ethics. This study did not require the conclusion of the Ethics committee.</p></sec><sec><title>Contribution</title><p>Contribution:Bukhtiyarov I.V. — research concept and design, editing;Orlova G.P. — research concept and design, data collection and processing, writing the text, editing;Andreenko O.N. — data collection and processing;Zemlyakova S.S. — data collection and processing.</p></sec><sec><title>Funding</title><p>Funding. The study had no funding.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interests</title><p>Conflict of interests. The authors declare that no conflict of interests.</p></sec><sec><title>Received</title><p>Received: 07.07.2022 / Accepted: 21.07.2022 / Published: 15.08.2022</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>профессиональные интерстициальные заболевания лёгких</kwd><kwd>пневмокониоз</kwd><kwd>экзогенный аллергический альвеолит</kwd><kwd>гиперчувствительный пневмонит</kwd><kwd>экзогенный токсический альвеолит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>occupational interstitial lung diseases</kwd><kwd>pneumoconiosis</kwd><kwd>exogenous allergic alveolitis</kwd><kwd>hypersensitive pneumonitis</kwd><kwd>exogenous toxic alveolitis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Илькович М.М., Новикова Л.Н. Классификация диффузных паренхиматозных заболеваний легких. В кн.: Диффузные паренхиматозные заболевания лёгких. 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