The main direction of the state social policy is to ensure the priority of preserving and improving the health of the working population as the most important productive force of society, determining the national security of the country and its economic development. On the background of the projected decline in the ratio of the population of working age and older than able-bodied, an important task is to prevent the development of occupational and other diseases, to reduce cases of early loss of ability to work.

One of the indicators of the deterioration of the workers health is a significant weighting of the primary pathology detected, the predominance of chronic diseases leading to loss of working capacity. For a number of reasons, occupational diseases are more often detected in the late stages of development, when irreversible changes in the body already occur. Assessing the harmful effects of working conditions and reducing it to the level of acceptable risks allows you to preserve the professional health of employees, prevent the development of professional and production-related pathology. Especially important in this case is the examination of trained workers in order to identify early signs of exposure to harmful production factors, including preventing the development of their pronounced forms, conducting an examination of professional suitability and examination of the connection of the disease with the profession, early diagnosis of general somatic diseases as a predisposing and aggravating factor in the formation of occupational diseases.

In workers who have been in contact with a harmful and(or) dangerous production factor for a long time, individual pathognomonic disorders are observed in the early stages, without the formation of a clearly defined clinical syndrome, which is not enough to establish a clinical diagnosis of the disease but suggests the development of early signs of a specific effect of the factor. Early detection of signs of occupational diseases is most effective and feasible in the process of periodic medical examinations of employees, including in occupational pathology centers, and should serve as a basis for subsequent therapeutic and preventive measures to reduce the risks of developing occupational pathology.

Based on the results of the literature analysis, it should be concluded that there is a need for modernization and modification of preventive measures, which are the basis for creating conditions for preserving the health and longevity of the working population of the country.