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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zurniimtpe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина труда и промышленная экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1026-9428</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8945</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31089/1026-9428-2022-62-2-101-108</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zurniimtpe-2901</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Внезапная смерть на рабочем месте вследствие общего заболевания на предприятиях и в организациях Республики Башкортостан</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sudden death in the workplace due to general diseases at Bashkortostan enterprises and organizations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-3519</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мулдашева</surname><given-names>Надежда Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muldasheva</surname><given-names>Nadezhda A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Научный сотрудник отдела медицины труда, ФБУН «Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда и экологии человека».</p><p>e-mail: muldasheva51@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher at the Department of Occupational Health, Ufa Scientific Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology.</p><p>e-mail: muldasheva51@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">muldasheva51@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Астрелина</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Astrelina</surname><given-names>Tatyana N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9859-8260</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каримова</surname><given-names>Л. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karimova</surname><given-names>Liliia K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3258-2477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаповал</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shapoval</surname><given-names>Inna V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6668-2196</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гимаева</surname><given-names>З. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gimaeva</surname><given-names>Zulfiia F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6861-6886</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фагамова</surname><given-names>А. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fagamova</surname><given-names>Alina Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6992-096X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кабирова</surname><given-names>Э. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kabirova</surname><given-names>Elvira F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3428-0085</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хафизова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hafizova</surname><given-names>Alsu S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда и экологии человека»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственная инспекция труда в Республике Башкортостан</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Labor Inspectorate in the Republic of Bashkortostan</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда и экологии человека»; ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology; Bashkir State Medical University of the Health Ministry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>62</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>101</fpage><lpage>108</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мулдашева Н.А., Астрелина Т.Н., Каримова Л.К., Шаповал И.В., Гимаева З.Ф., Фагамова А.З., Кабирова Э.Ф., Хафизова А.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мулдашева Н.А., Астрелина Т.Н., Каримова Л.К., Шаповал И.В., Гимаева З.Ф., Фагамова А.З., Кабирова Э.Ф., Хафизова А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Muldasheva N.A., Astrelina T.N., Karimova L.K., Shapoval I.V., Gimaeva Z.F., Fagamova A.Z., Kabirova E.F., Hafizova A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/2901">https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/2901</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Проблему смерти на рабочем месте на протяжении двух десятилетий изучают учёные всего мира. Лидирующее место в структуре смерти на рабочем месте от общего заболевания занимает внезапная сердечная смерть (83–90% случаев). Актуальность данной проблемы диктует необходимость проведения исследований по изучению основных факторов и причин смерти на рабочем месте от общего заболевания с последующей разработкой комплексной программы по их предупреждению.</p><p>Цель исследования — изучение обстоятельств и причин внезапной смерти на рабочем месте вследствие общего заболевания и обоснование программы по её профилактике.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведён анализ материалов расследования несчастных случаев со смертельным исходом на рабочем месте за 2018–2020 гг. на предприятиях и в организациях Республики Башкортостан, признанных при расследовании как не связанные с производством и наступившие вследствие общего заболевания. Подробно изучены конкретные обстоятельства и причины смерти. Количество умерших на рабочем месте от общих заболеваний было проанализировано как в абсолютных, так и в относительных единицах (на 1000 работников), в разрезе видов экономической деятельности, с учётом организационно-правовых форм предприятий и организаций.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что за анализируемый период от общих заболеваний на рабочем месте скончались 165 работников. Наибольший удельный вес смерти на рабочем месте от общего заболевания наблюдался на предприятиях и в организациях следующих видов экономической деятельности: обрабатывающие производства — 22,9%, транспортировка и хранение — 17,4%, обеспечение электрической энергией, газом и паром, водоснабжение, водоотведение — 10,3%. Основными причинами внезапной смерти на рабочем месте от общих заболеваний, по данным судмедэкспертизы, являлись болезни системы кровообращения (97,1%), которые чаще регистрировали у мужчин (97,4%) в возрасте 56–60 лет.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Отсутствие полной и достоверной информации о причинах и факторах риска развития смерти на рабочем месте от общих заболеваний в различных отраслях экономики, а также необходимость разработки программы профилактики для минимизации вероятности её развития, послужили основанием для проведения данного исследования.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The scientists all over the world studied the problem of death in the workplace  for two decades. Sudden cardiac death occupies a leading place in the structure of workplace death from a common disease (83-90% of cases). The urgency of this problem dictates the need for research to study the main factors and causes of death in the workplace from a common disease, followed by the development of a comprehensive program to prevent them.</p><p>The study aims to learn the circumstances and causes of sudden death in the workplace due to a common disease and substantiate the program for its prevention.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The researchers conducted an analysis of  investigation  materials of fatal accidents in the workplace for 2018-2020 at enterprises and organizations of the Republic of Bashkortostan, recognized during the investigation as unrelated to production and occurred as a result of a common disease. We studied in detail the specific circumstances and causes of death. Scientists analyzed the number of deaths in the workplace from common diseases both in absolute and relative units (per 1000 employees), in the context of economic activities, taking into account the organizational and legal forms of enterprises and organizations.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. 165 employees died from common diseases in the workplace during the analyzed period. We observed the greatest proportion of workplace deaths from a common disease at enterprises and organizations of the following types of economic activity: manufacturing — 22.9%, transportation and storage — 17.4%, provision of electric energy, gas and steam, water supply, sanitation — 10.3%. The main causes of sudden death in the workplace from common diseases, according to the forensic examination, were diseases of the circulatory system (97.1%), which were more often registered in men (97.4%) aged 56–60 years.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The lack of complete and reliable information about the causes and risk factors of death in the workplace from common diseases in various sectors of the economy, as well as the need to develop a prevention program to minimize the likelihood of its development, served as the basis for this study.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>смерть</kwd><kwd>рабочее место</kwd><kwd>предприятия</kwd><kwd>общие заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>death</kwd><kwd>workplace</kwd><kwd>enterprises</kwd><kwd>general diseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Available at: https://www.who.int/ru/news/item/16-09-2021-who-ilo-almost-2-million-people-die-from-work-related-causes-each-year</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Available at: https://www.who.int/ru/news/item/16-09-2021-who-ilo-almost-2-million-people-die-from-work-related-causes-each-year</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Available at: https://www.ilo.org/moscow/areas-of-work/occupational-safety-and-health/WCMS_249276/lang--ru/index.htm</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Available at: https://www.ilo.org/moscow/areas-of-work/occupational-safety-and-health/WCMS_249276/lang--ru/index.htm</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Available at: https://getsiz.ru/v-sochi-proshla-vserossijskaya-nedelya-ohrany-truda.html</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Available at: https://getsiz.ru/v-sochi-proshla-vserossijskaya-nedelya-ohrany-truda.html</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bureau of Labor Statistics. 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