zurniimtpeМедицина труда и промышленная экологияRussian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology1026-94282618-8945FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”10.31089/1026-9428-2021-61-9-627-632zurniimtpe-2814Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWПандемия COVID-19 и психическое здоровье медицинских работниковThe COVID-19 Pandemic and the Mental Health of Health Care Workers (Literature Review)https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5459-691XОстряковаН. А.OstryakovaNatalia A.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1667-737XБабановСергей АнатольевичBabanovSergey A.

Зав. кафедрой профессиональных болезней и клинической фармакологии им. з.д.н. РФ, профессора Косарева В.В. ФГБОУ ВО «СамГМУ» Минздрава России, д-р мед. наук, проф.

e-mail: s.a.babanov@mail.ru

Head of the Department of Occupational Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology named after professor Kosarev V.V., Samara State University, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor.

e-mail: s.a.babanov@mail.ru

s.a.babanov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0991-6237ВинниковД. В.VinnikovDenis V.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4130-492XСазоноваО. В.SazonovaOlga V.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0897-7700ГаврюшинМ. Ю.GavryushinMikhail Y.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0780-7336КувшиноваН. Ю.KuvshinovaNatalia Y.noemail@neicon.ruФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияSamara State Medical UniversityRussian FederationКазахский национальный университет имени аль-ФарабиРоссияAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityRussian Federation202120102021619627632Copyright © Острякова Н.А., Бабанов С.А., Винников Д.В., Сазонова О.В., Гаврюшин М.Ю., Кувшинова Н.Ю., 20212021Острякова Н.А., Бабанов С.А., Винников Д.В., Сазонова О.В., Гаврюшин М.Ю., Кувшинова Н.Ю.Ostryakova N.A., Babanov S.A., Vinnikov D.V., Sazonova O.V., Gavryushin M.Y., Kuvshinova N.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/2814

Пандемия COVID-19 оказывает серьёзное психологическое воздействие на медицинских работников. Происходит оперативная перестройка медицинских учреждений, условия работы практически соответствуют чрезвычайной ситуации. Ежедневно медицинские работники получают огромный объём новой информации в виде приказов, методических рекомендаций. Это создаёт дополнительную нагрузку в виде непрерывного «информационного шума». Проблема эмоционального выгорания медиков остро стояла и до пандемии COVID-19. По данным многочисленных исследований в разных странах, практически половина медиков имеют высокие показатели эмоционального выгорания, что в два раза превышает такие же показатели у населения, занятого в других сферах профессиональной деятельности.

Проведён обзор теоретико-методологических основ формирования и развития эмоционального выгорания у медицинского персонала во время повышенного эпидемического порога по новой коронавирусной инфекции.

Предоставлен анализ литературных источников, посвящённых проблеме синдрома эмоционального выгорания у медицинских работников, представленных в Научной электронной библиотеке eLibrary, а также в англоязычной текстовой базе данных медицинских и биологических публикаций PubMed.Пандемия COVID-19 связана с множеством причин, которые могут оказать неблагоприятное воздействие на формирование и развитие эмоционального выгорания у медицинского персонала во время повышенного эпидемического порога по новой коронавирусной инфекции.

Провоцирующими факторами синдрома эмоционального выгорания (профессионального выгорания) являются организационный фактор (высокая рабочая нагрузка, отсутствие и нехватка СИЗ, недостаточность (на первом этапе) накопленных знаний о новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19); ощущение безопасности, угрозы и риска заражения; социальная изоляция.

The COVID-19 pandemic is having a serious psychological impact on healthcare workers. There is an operational restructuring of medical institutions, the working conditions practically correspond to an emergency situation. Every day, medical workers receive a huge amount of new information in the form of orders, guidelines. This creates an additional load in the form of continuous "information noise". The problem of emotional burnout of doctors was acute even before the COVID-19 pandemic. According to numerous studies in different countries, almost half of doctors have high rates of emotional burnout, which is two times higher than those of the population employed in other areas of professional activity.

The aim of the study is to review the theoretical and methodological foundations of the formation and development of emotional burnout in medical personnel during an increased epidemic threshold for a new coronavirus infection.

The paper provides an analysis of literary sources devoted to the problem of burnout syndrome in medical workers presented in the Scientific electronic library eLibrary, as well as in the English-language textual database of medical and biological publications PubMed.

The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with many reasons that can adversely affect the formation and development of emotional burnout in medical personnel during an increased epidemic threshold for a new coronavirus infection.

The provoking factors of the burnout syndrome (professional burnout) are the organizational factor (high workload, lack and shortage of PPE, insufficient (at the first stage) accumulated knowledge about the new coronavirus infection COVID-19); feeling of safety, threat and risk of infection; social isolation.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.