zurniimtpeМедицина труда и промышленная экологияRussian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology1026-94282618-8945FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”10.31089/1026-9428-2021-61-4-253-266zurniimtpe-2694Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWОпыт формирования когорты и сбора данных в ретроспективном когортном эпидемиологическом исследованииExperience of cohort formation and data collection in a retrospective cohort epidemiological studyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5166-6871КовалевскийЕвгений ВильевичKovalevskiyEvgeny V.

Д-р. мед. наук, проф. РАН, Заведующий отделом по изучению гигиенических проблем в медицине труда ФГБНУ «НИИ МТ».

e-mail: kovevgeny2008@yandex.ru

MD, DSci., professor of RAS, Moscow, 105275, Russian Federation.

e-mail: kovevgeny2008@yandex.ru

kovevgeny2008@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9687-2134ШуцЙ.SchüzJoachimnoemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8317-2718БухтияровИ. В.BukhtiyarovIgor V.noemail@neicon.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0530-7496КашанскийС. В.KashanskiySergey V.noemail@neicon.ruФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда имени академика Измерова»; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияFederal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health» (IRIOH); I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityRussian FederationМеждународное агентство по изучению рака Всемирной организации здравоохранения (МАИР/ВОЗ)ФранцияInternational Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO)FranceФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» РоспотребнадзораРоссияEkaterinburg Medical Centre of Science Preventive Maintenance and Health Protection of Workers of the Industrial EnterprisesRussian Federation202124052021614253266Copyright © Ковалевский Е.В., Шуц Й., Бухтияров И.В., Кашанский С.В., 20212021Ковалевский Е.В., Шуц Й., Бухтияров И.В., Кашанский С.В.Kovalevskiy E.V., Schüz J., Bukhtiyarov I.V., Kashanskiy S.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/2694

Ретроспективное когортное исследование было реализовано с целью изучения смертности работников, подвергавшихся профессиональному воздействию пыли, содержащей волокна хризотилового асбеста. По своим химическим и физическим свойствам он отличается от волокон других видов асбеста и является единственной разновидностью асбеста, которая в настоящее время разрешена к использованию во многих странах мира. Членами когорты стали действующие и бывшие работники, отработавшие не менее одного года на производственных участках комплекса предприятий по добыче и обогащению хризотилового асбеста (ПАО «Ураласбест», г. Асбест Свердловской области) в период с 01.01.1975 по 31.12.2010 г. Из 35 837 членов когорты 12 729 (35,5%) человек скончались (2373 из них - злокачественные новообразования различных локализаций, в том числе 10 мезотелиом), 18 799 (52,5%) были живы на момент окончания периода наблюдения (2015 г.), а 4309 человек (12,0%) были цензурированы до конца 2015 г. Средняя продолжительность периода наблюдения составила 21,7 года у мужчин и 25,9 года у женщин. Средний возраст на момент смерти составил 59,4 года у мужчин и 66,5 года у женщин. В настоящее время это самая большая в мире когорта работников в данной области.

A retrospective cohort study was carried out to investigate the mortality of workers occupationally exposed to dust containing chrysotile asbestos fibers. In its chemical and physical properties, it differs from the fibers of other types of asbestos and is the only type of asbestos that is currently approved for use in many countries of the world. The members of the cohort are current and former employees who have worked for at least one year at the production sites of the complex of enterprises for the mining and enrichment of chrysotile asbestos (JSC "Uralasbest", Asbest, Sverdlovsk region) in the period from 01.01.1975 to 31.12.2010. Of the 35,837 members of the cohort, 12,729 (35.5%) people died (2,373 of them were malignant neoplasms of various localizations, including 10 mesotheliomas), 18,799 (52.5%) were alive at the end of the observation period (2015), and 4,309 people (12.0%) were censored by the end of 2015. The mean follow-up period was 21.7 years for men and 25.9 years for women. The average age at death was 59.4 years for men and 66.5 years for women. It is currently the world's largest cohort of workers in the field.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.