<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zurniimtpe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина труда и промышленная экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1026-9428</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8945</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31089/1026-9428-2021-61-2-72-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zurniimtpe-2640</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Методические подходы к выявлению маркеров злоупотребления алкоголем у работников по данным медицинских осмотров</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Methodological approaches to identifying markers of alcohol abuse in employees according to medical examination</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салагай</surname><given-names>О. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salagai</surname><given-names>Oleg O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8366-9732</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брюн</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bryun</surname><given-names>Evgenij A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8317-2718</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бухтияров</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bukhtiyarov</surname><given-names>Igor V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3186-8024</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмина</surname><given-names>Людмила Павловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmina</surname><given-names>Lyudmila P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зам. дир. по научной работе ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда им. академика Н.Ф. Измерова», д-р биол. наук, проф.</p><p>e-mail: kuzmina@irioh.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Deputy Director for Research of Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Medicine, Dr. of Sci. (Biol.), professor.</p><p>e-mail: kuzmina@irioh.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuzmina@irioh.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Власовских</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vlasovskikh</surname><given-names>Roman V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5356-1598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коляскина</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolyaskina</surname><given-names>Mariya M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4855-4235</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петухов</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petukhov</surname><given-names>Aleksey E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ministry of Health of Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ города Москвы «Московский научно-практический центр наркологии Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Research and Practical Centre for Narcology of the Department of Public Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда имени академика Н.Ф. Измерова»; ФАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Салагай О.О., Брюн Е.А., Бухтияров И.В., Кузьмина Л.П., Власовских Р.В., Коляскина М.М., Петухов А.Е., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Салагай О.О., Брюн Е.А., Бухтияров И.В., Кузьмина Л.П., Власовских Р.В., Коляскина М.М., Петухов А.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Salagai O.O., Bryun E.A., Bukhtiyarov I.V., Kuzmina L.P., Vlasovskikh R.V., Kolyaskina M.M., Petukhov A.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/2640">https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/2640</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Постановка диагноза и назначение адекватной терапии как синдрома алкогольной зависимости, так и соматической патологии алкогольного генеза нередко зависит от своевременного установления факта злоупотребления алкоголем, например, при прохождении периодических медицинских осмотров, поскольку большинство пациентов либо отрицают употребление алкоголя, либо значительно занижают его количество.</p><p>Цель исследования — разработка методики объективного выявления лиц с факторами риска пагубного потребления алкоголя, способствующего развитию патологических состояний и заболеваний, повышающих вероятность развития хронических неинфекционных заболеваний.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В рамках работы были обследованы 204 человека (162 мужчины, 42 женщины), работающие в различных видах экономической деятельности, в возрасте от 18 до 65 лет. Все обследованные были направлены в клинику ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда имени академика Н.Ф. Измерова» для прохождения предварительных или периодических осмотров в рамках Приказа Минздравсоцразвития России от 12.04.2011 № 302н (ред. от 18.05.2020). Всем обследованным был проведён биохимический анализ крови: карбогидрат-дефицитный трансферрин (CDT), гамма-глутамилтранспептидаза (ГГТ), аспартатаминотрансфераза (АСТ), аланинаминотрансфераза (АЛТ). Также всем обследованным было проведено анкетирование, направленное на выявление употребления алкоголя в соответствии с порядком, определённым приказом Минздрава России от 13.12.2019 № 1032н (изменениями в приказ от 12.04.2011 № 302н).</p><p>Статистическая обработка полученных результатов проводилась с использованием программы STATISTICA 13.2 (Stat Soft Inc., США).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При исследовании содержания CDT в сыворотке крови обследованных выявлено превышение референсных значений у 10%, при этом 7% обследованных регулярно потребляли алкоголь в течение последних 2 недель (CDT≥2,5%), 3% — употребляли умеренно (CDT 1,2–2,4%). При проведении корреляционного анализа показана умеренная положительная корреляционная связь между результатами анкетирования и содержанием CDT в сыворотке крови (r=0,24, p=0,002 с вопросом об употреблении 6 и более доз за один раз и r=0,30, p=0,0001 с общей суммой баллов).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Наиболее информативным маркером хронического употребления алкоголя является определение CDT в сочетании с анкетированием, направленным на выявление алкоголизма. Применение этих маркеров при проведении периодических и предварительных медосмотров работающих во вредных и(или) опасных условиях труда может позволить с высокой степенью достоверности определять лиц, склонных к хроническому употреблению алкоголя с целью проведения профилактических мероприятий и недопуска их к работе, связанной с различными источниками повышенной опасности, в том числе работам, связанным с управлением транспортными средствами.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The diagnosis and appointment of adequate therapy for both alcohol dependence syndrome and somatic pathology of alcoholic origin often depends on the timely establishment of the fact of alcohol abuse, for example, during periodic medical examinations, since most patients either deny the use of alcohol, or significantly underestimate its amount.</p><p>The aim of the study is to develop a methodology for the objective identification of individuals with risk factors for harmful alcohol consumption that contribute to the development of pathological conditions and diseases that increase the likelihood of developing chronic non-communicable diseases.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Within the framework of the study, 204 people (162 men, 42 women) working in various types of economic activities, aged from 18 to 65 years, were surveyed. All patients were sent to the clinic FSBSI "Izmerov Research Institute оf Occupational Health" to pre-or periodic inspections in the order of the health Ministry of Russia from 12.04.2011 No. 302n (ed. by 18.05.2020). All the examined patients underwent a biochemical blood test: carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT), gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Also, all the surveyed were conducted a questionnaire aimed at identifying alcoholism. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using the program STATISTICA 13.2 (Stat Soft Inc., USA).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The study of the CDT content in the blood serum of the examined patients revealed an increase above the reference values in 10%, while 7% of the examined patients regularly consumed alcohol during the last 2 weeks (CDT≥2.5%), 3% — consumed moderately (CDT1,2–2,4%). The correlation analysis showed a moderate positive correlation between the results of the questionnaire and the CDT content in the blood serum (r=0.24, p=0.002 with the question about the use of 6 or more doses at a time and r=0.30, p=0.0001 with the total score).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The most informative marker of chronic alcohol use is the definition of CDT in combination with a questionnaire aimed at identifying alcoholism. The use of these markers during periodic and preliminary medical examinations can allow a high degree of confidence to identify persons who are prone to chronic alcohol consumption in order to carry out preventive measures and prevent them from working with various sources of increased danger, including work related to the management of vehicles.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>маркеры алкоголизма</kwd><kwd>анкетирование</kwd><kwd>карбогидрат-дефицитный трансферрин</kwd><kwd>аспартатаминотрансфераза</kwd><kwd>гамма-глутамилтранспептидаза</kwd><kwd>аланинаминотрансфераза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>markers of alcoholism</kwd><kwd>questionnaires</kwd><kwd>carbohydrate-deficient transferrin</kwd><kwd>aspartate aminotransferase</kwd><kwd>gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase</kwd><kwd>alanine aminotransferase</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Указ Президента РФ от 7 мая 2018 г. № 204 «О национальных целях и стратегических задачах развития Российской Федерации на период до 2024 года». https://base.garant.ru/71937200/ (дата обращения 21.01.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 7, 2018 No. 204 "On national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Federation for the period until 2024". https://base.garant.ru/71937200/ (Accessed 01.21) (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Паспорт национального проекта «Демография» во исполнение Указа Президента Российской Федерации от 7 мая 2018 года № 204 «О национальных целях и стратегических задачах развития Российской Федерации на период до 2024 года». http://static.government.ru/media/files/Z4OMjDgCaeohKWaA0psu6lCekd3hwx2m.pdf (дата обращения 21.01.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Passport of the national project "Demography" pursuant to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 7, 2018 No. 204 "On national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024". http://static.government.ru/ media/files/Z4OMjDgCaeohKWaA0psu6lCekd3hwx2m.pdf (Accessed 01/21/2021) (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Girela E., Villanueva E., Hernández-Cueto C., Luna J.D. Comparison of the CAGE questionnaire versus some biochemical markers in the diagnosis of alcoholism. Alcohol Alcohol. 1994; 29: 337-43.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Girela E., Villanueva E., Hernández-Cueto C., Luna J.D. Comparison of the CAGE questionnaire versus some biochemical markers in the diagnosis of alcoholism. Alcohol Alcohol. 1994; 29: 337–43.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dolman J.M., Hawkes N.D. Combining the audit questionnaire and biochemical markers to assess alcohol use and risk of alcohol withdrawal in medical inpatients. Alcohol Alcohol. 2005; 40: 515-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dolman J.M., Hawkes N.D. Combining the audit questionnaire and biochemical markers to assess alcohol use and risk of alcohol withdrawal in medical inpatients. Alcohol Alcohol. 2005; 40: 515–9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nanau R.M., Neuman M.G. Biomolecules and Biomarkers Used in Diagnosis of Alcohol Drinking and in Monitoring Therapeutic Interventions. Biomolecules. 2015, 5: 1339-85.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nanau R.M., Neuman M.G. Biomolecules and Biomarkers Used in Diagnosis of Alcohol Drinking and in Monitoring Therapeutic Interventions. Biomolecules. 2015, 5: 1339–85.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Whitfield J.B., Heath A.C., Madden P.A. Pergadia M.L., Montgomery G.W., Martin N.G. Metabolic and biochemical effects of low-to-moderate alcohol consumption. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2013; 37: 575-86.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Whitfield J.B., Heath A.C., Madden P.A. Pergadia M.L., Montgomery G.W., Martin N.G. Metabolic and biochemical effects of low-to-moderate alcohol consumption. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2013; 37: 575–86.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Conigrave K.M., Davies P., Haber P., Whitfi eld J.B. Traditional markers of excessive alcohol use. Addiction. 2003; 98: 31-43.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Conigrave K.M., Davies P., Haber P., Whitfi eld J.B. Traditional markers of excessive alcohol use. Addiction. 2003; 98: 31–43.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Whitfield J.B., Dy V., Madden P.A., Heath A.C., Martin N.G., Montgomery G.W. Measuring carbohydratedeficient transferrin by direct immunoassay: Factors affecting diagnostic sensitivity for excessive alcohol intake. Clin Chem. 2008, 54: 1158-65.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Whitfield J.B., Dy V., Madden P.A., Heath A.C., Martin N.G., Montgomery G.W. Measuring carbohydratedeficient transferrin by direct immunoassay: Factors affecting diagnostic sensitivity for excessive alcohol intake. Clin Chem. 2008, 54: 1158–65.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anton R.F., Lieber C., Tabakoff B. Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin and ɤ-glutamyltransferase for the detection and monitoring of alcohol use: Results from a multisite study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2002; 26: 1215-22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anton R.F., Lieber C., Tabakoff B. Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin and ɤ-glutamyltransferase for the detection and monitoring of alcohol use: Results from a multisite study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2002; 26: 1215–22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bell H., Tallaksen C., Sjåheim T., Weberg R., Raknerud N., Orjasaeter H., Try K., Haug E. Serum carbohydrate-deficient transferrin as a marker of alcohol consumption in patients with chronic liver diseases. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1993; 17: 246-52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bell H., Tallaksen C., Sjåheim T., Weberg R., Raknerud N., Orjasaeter H., Try K., Haug E. Serum carbohydrate-deficient transferrin as a marker of alcohol consumption in patients with chronic liver diseases. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1993; 17: 246–52.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Piette M. and De Schrijver G. Gamma glutamyltransferase: applications in forensic pathology: 1. Study of blood serum recovered from human bodies. Med Sci Law. 1987; 27: 152-160.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Piette M. and De Schrijver G. Gamma glutamyltransferase: applications in forensic pathology: 1. Study of blood serum recovered from human bodies. Med Sci Law. 1987; 27: 152–160.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hietala J., Koivisto H., Anttila P., Niemela O. Comparison of the combined marker GGT-CDT and the conventional laboratory markers of alcohol abuse in heavy drinkers, moderate drinkers and abstainers. Alcohol Alcohol. 2006; 41: 528-33.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hietala J., Koivisto H., Anttila P., Niemela O. Comparison of the combined marker GGT-CDT and the conventional laboratory markers of alcohol abuse in heavy drinkers, moderate drinkers and abstainers. Alcohol Alcohol. 2006; 41: 528–33.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
