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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zurniimtpe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина труда и промышленная экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1026-9428</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8945</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31089/1026-9428-2021-61-1-49-61</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zurniimtpe-2632</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пандемия COVID-19: проблемы медицины труда работников здравоохранения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Issues of occupational health of healthcare workers and pandemic COVID-19</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2771-1617</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денисов</surname><given-names>Эдуард Ильич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Denisov</surname><given-names>Eduard I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гл. науч. сотр. отдела по изучению гигиенических проблем в медицине труда ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда имени академика Н.Ф. Измерова», д-р биол. наук, проф.</p><p>e-mail: denisov28@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chief researcher, Department for the study of hygienic problems in occupational health of the Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health, PhD, DSc, Professor.</p><p>e-mail: denisov28@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">denisov28@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7767-8483</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокопенко</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokopenko</surname><given-names>Lyudmila V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пфаф</surname><given-names>В. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pfaf</surname><given-names>Victor F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда имени академика Н.Ф. Измерова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Денисов Э.И., Прокопенко Л.В., Пфаф В.Ф., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Денисов Э.И., Прокопенко Л.В., Пфаф В.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Denisov E.I., Prokopenko L.V., Pfaf V.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/2632">https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/2632</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлен обзор литературы по вопросам условий труда, состояния здоровья медицинских работников и степени их профессионального риска в условиях пандемии COVID-19, анализ документов ВОЗ, МОТ, Евросоюза и др., обзор литературы и эссе по проблеме оценки профессионального риска медработников в свете пандемии COVID-19, а также мерам защиты и профилактики.</p><p>Пандемия — проблема общественного здоровья и медицины труда, так как медработники — на переднем фронте борьбы с эпидемией за здоровье и жизнь населения и сами подвергаются экстремальному риску. По вопросам охраны труда и здоровья медработников, в большинстве женщин, имеется много работ; есть Конвенция МОТ № 149 «О занятости и условиях труда и жизни сестринского персонала» (1977), ратифицированная Россией. Для профессии характерно воздействие биологических агентов, стресс, физические нагрузки и т. п., вызывающих нарушения физического здоровья (в том числе репродуктивного и здоровья новорождённых), психического здоровья и социального благополучия. Отмечено ослабление иммунитета к концу рабочего дня у работников служб санэпиднадзора, родильных домов, а также скорой помощи и ожоговых центров. В целом условия труда основных профессий медработников в литературе оценивают как вредные классов 3.2–3.3 по критериям Руководства Р 2.2.2006-05, а при эпидемии в условиях повышенных нагрузок, стресса, использования СИЗ и др. условия труда можно оценить как очень вредные и экстремальные классов 3.4–4. Статистика заболеваемости и смертности медработников отсутствует, хотя СМИ отмечают повышенные их уровни. Из мер профилактики показаны вакцинация, режим труда и отдыха, поливитамины и др. Рабочие места рекомендуют организовать так, чтобы избежать работ рядом и напротив друг друга. Надо иметь в виду, что СИЗ защищая, одновременно могут создавать новые риски (МОТ, 2001).</p><p>Усиление охраны и гигиены труда медработников в таких чрезвычайных ситуациях признано в России приоритетом и им обеспечена повышенная социальная защита.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim of the work — review the literature and essays on working conditions, the health status of healthcare workers and their degree of occupational risk in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p>An analysis of the documents of WHO, ILO, the European Union, etc., a review of the literature and essays on the problem of assessing the professional risk of healthcare workers in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as protection and prevention measures. </p><p>A pandemic is a problem of public health and occupational medicine since healthcare workers are at the forefront of the fight against the epidemic for the health and life of the population and are themselves at extreme risk. On issues of labor protection and the health of healthcare workers, most women, there are a lot of works; there is ILO Nursing personnel Convention No. 149: Recognize their contribution, address their needs (1977), ratified by Russia. The profession is characterized by the exposure to biological agents, stress, physical loads, etc., causing physical health problems (including reproductive and newborn health), disorders of mental health and social well-being. The weakening of immunity towards the end of the working day was observed among employees of the sanitary and epidemiological surveillance services, maternity hospitals, as well as ambulances and burn centers. In general, the working conditions of the main professions of healthcare workers in the literature are assessed as harmful (classes 3.2–3.3) according to the criteria of Guidelines R 2.2.2006-05, and in an epidemic under conditions of increased loads, stress, the use of PPE and other, their working conditions can be assessed as very harmful and extreme (classes 3.4–4). The official statistics on the morbidity and mortality of healthcare workers is absent, although the media note their elevated rates. Among the preventive measures, vaccination, a regimen of work and rest, multivitamins, and others are recommended; workplaces ought to be organized as to avoid work nearby and opposite each other. It should be borne in mind that PPE, while protecting, can simultaneously create new risks (ILO, 2001).Strengthening the safety and health of healthcare workers in such emergencies is already recognized in Russia as a priority and provided with increased social protection.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пандемия COVID-19</kwd><kwd>медицинские работники</kwd><kwd>стресс</kwd><kwd>здоровье соматическое</kwd><kwd>здоровье репродуктивное</kwd><kwd>здоровье психическое</kwd><kwd>оценка риска</kwd><kwd>СИЗ</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pandemic COVID-19</kwd><kwd>healthcare workers</kwd><kwd>stress</kwd><kwd>somatic health</kwd><kwd>reproductive health</kwd><kwd>mental health</kwd><kwd>risk assessment</kwd><kwd>PPE</kwd><kwd>prophylaxis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бургасов П.Н. Пандемия. 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