zurniimtpeМедицина труда и промышленная экологияRussian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology1026-94282618-8945FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”10.31089/1026-9428-2020-60-10-674-680zurniimtpe-2544Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWРаспространенность метаболического синдрома у работников различных профессиональных группPrevalence of metabolic syndrome in employees of various professional groupshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4903-1401ДьяковичОльга АлександровнаDyakovichOlga A.

Науч. сотр. лаб. иммунобиологических и молекулярно-генетических исследований в гигиене, канд. биол. наук.

e-mail: dyakovich.olga@mail.ru

Research assistant of the laboratory for immunobiological and molecular genetic research in hygiene, Cand. of Sci. (Biol.).

e-mail: dyakovich.olga@mail.ru

dyakovich.olga@mail.ruФГБНУ «Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических исследований»РоссияEast Siberian Institute of Medical and Environmental ResearchRussian Federation2020031120206010674680Copyright © Дьякович О.А., 20202020Дьякович О.А.Dyakovich O.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/2544

Произведен обзор 47 исследований, оценивающих встречаемость метаболического синдрома среди работников разных профессиональных групп по всему миру. Рассмотрено влияние различных факторов профессиональной среды (физическая активность на рабочем месте, воздействие профессионального стресса, экспозиция вредными токсикантами) на частоту синдрома и его компонентов с учетом пола, возраста и стажа работы. Анализ литературы показал, что характеристика рабочей деятельности влияет на формирование синдрома наряду с общеизвестными факторами риска - образом жизни, полом и возрастом. Так, в большинстве случаев частота метаболического синдрома у лиц, имеющих преимущественно «сидячую» работу, гораздо выше, чем в остальных профессиональных группах. Доказано повышение рисков возникновения синдрома при воздействии некоторых химических веществ, находящихся в воздухе рабочей зоны даже в небольших концентрациях, а также при неблагоприятных условиях деятельности - сменная работа, ночные дежурства, профессиональный стресс. Для улучшения качества жизни работников и снижения экономических и социальных затрат необходимо разрабатывать программы профилактики и реабилитации лиц с данной патологией с учетом конкретных условий труда, делая при этом поправки на пол, возраст, социальные факторы (статус курения, употребления алкоголя, пищевое поведение, физические нагрузки во время работы и вне ее).

A review of 47 studies evaluating the occurrence of metabolic syndrome among employees of different professional groups around the world was made. The influence of various factors of the professional environment (physical activity in the workplace, exposure to occupational stress, exposure to harmful toxicants) on the frequency of the syndrome and its components, considering gender, age and work experience. Analysis of the literature has shown that the characteristics of work activity affect the formation of the syndrome along with well - known risk factors-lifestyle, gender and age. Thus, in most cases, the frequency of metabolic syndrome in people who have mostly "sedentary" work is much higher than in other professional groups. It is proved that the risk of the syndrome is increased when exposed to certain chemicals that are in the air of the work area, even in small concentrations, as well as under unfavorable conditions of activity - shift work, night duty, professional stress. To improve the quality of life of employees and reduce economic and social costs, it is necessary to develop programs for the prevention and rehabilitation of people with this pathology, taking into account specific working conditions, while making adjustments for gender, age, social factors (smoking status, alcohol consumption, eating behavior, physical activity during and outside of work).

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.