<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zurniimtpe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина труда и промышленная экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1026-9428</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8945</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31089/1026-9428-2020-60-9-587-591</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zurniimtpe-2522</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Опыт проведения эпидемиологических исследований онкоопасности электромагнитных полей в Российской Федерации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Electromagnetic field cancer risk epidemiological studies experience in the Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1948-4450</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихонова</surname><given-names>Галина Ильинична</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhonova</surname><given-names>Galina I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зав. лаб. социально-гигиенических исследований ФГБНУ «НИИ МТ», д-р биол. наук.</p><p>e-mail: gtikhonova@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of laboratory of social and hygienic research, Dr. of Sci. (Biol.).</p><p>e-mail: gtikhonova@yandex.ru </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gtikhonova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6306-777X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рубцова</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rubtsova</surname><given-names>Nina B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда им. академика Н.Ф. Измерова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>60</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>587</fpage><lpage>591</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тихонова Г.И., Рубцова Н.Б., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тихонова Г.И., Рубцова Н.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tikhonova G.I., Rubtsova N.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/2522">https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/2522</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В связи с актуальностью проблемы риска развития злокачественных новообразований у работающих и населения в связи с воздействием электромагнитных полей (ЭМП) промышленной частоты (ПЧ), что во всех странах привело к расширению исследований их роли в развитии лейкозов, обобщены данные выполненных в НИИ медицины труда 4 аналогичных исследований.</p><p>Цель исследования - оценить риск развития гемобластозов у работающих и населения при производственных и внепроизводственных воздействиях ЭМП ПЧ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Выполнено 4 аналитических эпидемиологических исследования: 2 когортных и 2 по схеме «случай-контроль».</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Когортное исследование смертности персонала, осуществлявшего обслуживание и эксплуатацию электросетевых объектов напряжением 500 кВ, с учетом уровней воздействия ЭП и МП, показало, что стандартизованный относительный риск (СОР) смерти от всех причин составил 0,61; от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний - 0,54, злокачественных новообразований - 0,89, несчастных случаев, травм и отравлений - 0,95. В то же время от лейкоза СОР был повышен в 2 раза по сравнению с контролем (2,03), но статистически незначим (95% CI 0,23-7,31). Ретроспективное онкоэпидемиологическое исследование, выполненное по схеме «случай-контроль» и направленное на оценку связи между развитием различных форм гемобластозов и производственным воздействием ЭМП ПЧ, выявило статистически недостоверное повышение относительного риска (OR) развития лейкоза (1,64). У персонала, подвергавшегося преимущественно воздействию МП ПЧ был выявлен повышенный OR развития лимфом (2,92), который был статистически значим (χ2 &gt;3,84). Онкоэпидемиологическое исследование «случай-контроль» по выявлению причинно-следственной связи между профессиональной экспозицией родителей к ЭМП ПЧ и развитием гемобластозов у детей выявило тенденцию к повышению риска, более выраженную при экспозиции отцов к магнитным полям ПЧ и ЭМП ПЧ от высоковольтного оборудования (OR=4,6 95% CI 0,6-35,0 и OR=2,7 CI 0,9-7,8). При изучении смертности населения, проживающего в непосредственной близости от подстанции и воздушных линий эдектропередачи напряжением 500 и 750 кВ, на фоне низкого уровня смертности от всех причин смерти наблюдалось статистически незначимое повышение стандартизованного риска смерти от лейкоза (СОР-1,3 95% CI 0,2-7,0 ).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты проведенных исследований показали тенденцию к увеличению риска умереть от гемобластозов на фоне низких уровней смертности от других классов болезней, что совпадает с основными выводами большинства зарубежных публикаций по проблеме.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Based on the urgency of the problem of workers and general public risk of malignant neoplasms due to power frequency (PF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) impact, which led to research on its role in leukemia development expansion in all countries, the data of 4 similar studies of the Institute of occupational health are summarized.</p><p>The aim of the study is to assess the risk of hemoblastosis in workers and general public under EMF occupational and non-occupational exposure.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. 4 analytical epidemiological studies were performed: 2 cohort studies and 2 case - control studies.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Cohort study of 500 kV electric grid facilities personnel mortality, taking into account the electric (EF) and magnetic field (MF) exposure values, showed that the standardized relative risk (SRR) of death from all causes was 0.61; from cardiovascular diseases - 0.54, malignancies - 0.89, accidents, injuries and poisoning - 0.95. At the same time, from leukemia, SRR was increased by 2 times compared to the control (2.03), but statistically insignificant (95% CI 0.23-7.31). Retrospective case - control cancer-epidemiological study aimed at assessing the relationship between hemoblastosis various forms development and PF EMF occupational revealed to statistically unreliable increase of leukemia developing relative risk (OR) (1.64). MF mainly exposed personnel were found to have an increased risk of lymphomas developing (2.92), which was statistically significant (χ2 &gt;3,84). Cancer-epidemiological case-control study to identify a causal relationship between parents occupational EMF exposure and childhood hemoblastosis development revealed the tendency to increase the risk, more pronounced in case of fathers MF exposure as well as high-voltage equipment EMF exposure (OR=4.6 95% CI 0.6-35.0 and OR=2.7 CI 0.9-7.8). In the study of mortality of living in the vicinity of 500 and 750 kV substations and overhead transmission lines population, due to low mortality from all causes of death, there was standardized risk of death from leukemia statistically nonsignificant increased (SR-1,3 95% CI 0,2-7,0).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results of studies showed a tendency to increase the risk of dying from hemoblastosis against the background of low mortality rates from other classes of diseases, which coincides with the main conclusions of most foreign publications on the problem.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электрическое поле</kwd><kwd>магнитное поле</kwd><kwd>промышленная частота</kwd><kwd>производственные воздействия</kwd><kwd>население</kwd><kwd>эпидемиологические исследования</kwd><kwd>относительный риск</kwd><kwd>гемобластозы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electric field</kwd><kwd>magnetic field</kwd><kwd>power frequency</kwd><kwd>occupational exposure</kwd><kwd>general public</kwd><kwd>epidemiological studies</kwd><kwd>relative risk</kwd><kwd>hemoblastosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wertheimer N., Leeper E. Electrical wiring configuration and childhood Cancer. Amer. J. Epidemiology. 1979; 3: 273–84.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wertheimer N., Leeper E. Electrical wiring configuration and childhood Cancer. Amer. J. Epidemiology. 1979; 3: 273–284.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Milham S. Mortality from leukemia in workers exposed to electrical and magnetic fields. N. Engl. J. Med. 1982; 307: 249.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Milham S. Mortality from leukemia in workers exposed to electrical and magnetic fields. N. Engl. J. Med. 1982; 307: 249.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Milham S. Mortality of workers exposed to electromagnetic fields. Environm. Health Perspectives. 1985; 62: 297–300.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Milham S. Mortality of workers exposed to electromagnetic fields. Environm. Health Perspectives. 1985; 62: 297–300.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Theriault G., Goldberg M., Miller A. et al. Cancer risk associated with occupational exposure to magnetic fields among electric unity workers in Ontario and Quebec (Canada) and France: 1970–1989. Amer. J. of Epidemiology. 1994; 139 (6): 550–72.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Theriault G., Goldberg M., Miller A. et al. Cancer risk associated with occupational exposure to magnetic fields among electric unity workers in Ontario and Quebec (Canada) and France: 1970–1989. Amer. J. of Epidemiology. 1994; 139 (6): 550–72.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garland F.C. et al. Incidence of leukemia in occupations with potential electromagnetic field exposure in US Navy personnel. Amer. J. of Epidemiology. 1990; 132 (2): 292–6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garland F.C. et al. Incidence of leukemia in occupations with potential electromagnetic field exposure in US Navy personnel. Amer. J. of Epidemiology. 1990; 132(2): 292–6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pearce N., Reif J., Fraser J. Case-control studies of cancer in New Zealand electrical workers. Int. J. Epidemiol. 1989; 18: 55–9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pearce N., Reif J., Fraser J. Case-control studies of cancer in New Zealand electrical workers. Int. J. Epidemiol. 1989; 18: 55–9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ahlbom A., Day N., Feychting M. et al. A pooled analysis of magnetic fields and childhood leukaemia. Br. J. Cancer. 2000; 83: 692–8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ahlbom A., Day N., Feychting M. et al. A pooled analysis of magnetic fields and childhood leukaemia. Br. J. Cancer. 2000; 83: 692–8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feychting M., Ahlbom A. Magnetic fields and cancer in children residing near Swedish high-voltage power lines. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1993; 138: 467–81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feychting M., Ahlbom A. Magnetic fields and cancer in children residing near Swedish high-voltage power lines. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1993; 138: 467–81.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feychting M., Floderus B. &amp; Ahlbom A. Parental occupational exposure to magneticfields and childhood cancer (Sweden). Cancer Causes Control. 2000; 11: 151–6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feychting M., Floderus B., Ahlbom A. Parental occupational exposure to magneticfields and childhood cancer (Sweden). Cancer Causes Control. 2000; 11: 151–6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coleman M.P., Bell C.M.J., Taylor H.-L. et al. Leukaemia and residence near electricity transmission equipment: A case–control study. Br. J. Cancer. 1989; 60: 793–8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coleman M.P., Bell C.M.J., Taylor H.-L. et al. Leukaemia and residence near electricity transmission equipment: A case-control study. Br. J. Cancer. 1989; 60: 793–8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">London, S.J., Thomas, D.C., Bowman, J.D., et al. Exposure to residential electric and magnetic fields and risk of childhood leukemia. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1991; 134: 923-37.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">London, S.J., Thomas, D.C., Bowman, J.D., et al. Exposure to residential electric and magnetic fields and risk of childhood leukemia. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1991; 134: 923–37.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Non-Ionizing Radiation, Part 1: Static and Extremely Low-Frequency (ELF) Electric and Magnetic Fields. WHO/IARC. 80; 2002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Non-Ionizing Radiation, Part 1: Static and Extremely Low-Frequency (ELF) Electric and Magnetic Fields, WHO/IARC. 80; 2002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тихонова Г.И., Рубцова Н.Б., Новохатская Э.А. и др. Отдаленные эффекты производственных и внепроизводственных воздействий электромагнитных полей промышленной частоты. Эпидемиологические исследования. Радиац. биология. Радиоэкология. 2003; 43(5): 555–8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tikhonova G.I., Rubtsova N.B., Novokhatskaya E.A. et al. Power frequency electromagnetic field occupational and nonoccupational exposure remoted effects. Epidemiological studies. Radiation Biology. Radioecology. 2003; 43(5): 555–8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Новохатская Э.А. Состояние здоровья персонала, работающего на электрообъектах сверхвысокого напряжения. Ученые записки Российского Государственного социального Университета. 2009; 68(5): 55-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Novokhatskaya E.A. Extremely high frequency electrical facilities personnel health state. Scientific notes of RSSU. 2009; 68(5): 55–9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Новохатская Э.А. Влияние электромагнитных полей на здоровье населения. Социальная политика и социология. 2012; 83(5): 138–45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Novokhatskaya E.A. General public health electromagnetic fields effects. Social policy and sociology. 2012; 83(5): 138-45.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Новохатская Э.А., Калтина М.А., Яковлева Т.П. Воздействие линий электропередачи на здоровье населения. Евразийский союз ученых. 2016; 23(2–2): 80–2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Novokhatskaya E.A., Kaltina M.A., Yakovleva T.P. Overhead transmission lines exposure to general public health state. Eurasian Union of Scientists. 2016; 23(2–2): 80–2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">СанПиН 2.1.2.2801-10 Изменения и дополнения № 1 к СанПиН 2.1.2.2645-10. Санитарно-эпидемиологические требования к условиям проживания в жилых зданиях и помещениях. М; 2010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">SanPiN 2.1.2.2801-10. Changes and additions to №1 k SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10. Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for living conditions in residential buildings and premises. M; 2010 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГН 2.1.8/2.2.4.2262-07 Предельно допустимые уровни магнитных полей частотой 50 Гц в помещениях жилых, общественных зданий и на селитебных территориях. М;2007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GN 2.1.8 / 2.2.4.2262-07. The maximum permissible levels of magnetic fields at a frequency of 50 Hz in residential, public buildings and residential areas. Moscow; 2007 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization (WHO). Environmental Health Criteria 238. Extremely Low Frequency Fields. WHO; 2007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organization (WHO). Environmental Health Criteria 238. Extremely Low Frequency Fields. WHO; 2007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
