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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zurniimtpe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина труда и промышленная экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1026-9428</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8945</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31089/1026-9428-2020-60-8-502-510</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zurniimtpe-2502</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы риска для здоровья электрогазосварщиков при использовании различных видов сварки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health risk factors among electric and gas welders using different types of welding</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркова</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markova</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маркова Ольга Леонидовна - кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga L. Markova - senior researcher, Cand. of Sci. (Biol.).</p><p>4, 2-ya Sovetskaya str., St. Petersburg, 191036</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olleonmar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирьянова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kir’yanova</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>4, 2-я Советская ул., Санкт-Петербург, 191036</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina N. Kir’yanova</p><p>4, 2-ya Sovetskaya str., St. Petersburg, 191036</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плеханов</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plekhanov</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>4, 2-я Советская ул., Санкт-Петербург, 191036</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir P. Plekhanov</p><p>4, 2-ya Sovetskaya str., St. Petersburg, 191036</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>4, 2-я Советская ул., Санкт-Петербург, 191036</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Ivanova</p><p>4, 2-ya Sovetskaya str., St. Petersburg, 191036</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН Северо-Западный научный центр гигиены и общественного здоровья Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-West Public Health Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>502</fpage><lpage>510</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Маркова О.Л., Кирьянова М.Н., Плеханов В.П., Иванова Е.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Маркова О.Л., Кирьянова М.Н., Плеханов В.П., Иванова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Markova O.L., Kir’yanova M.N., Plekhanov V.P., Ivanova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/2502">https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/2502</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Сохранение здоровья работающего населения является приоритетным направлением государственной политики. Процесс сварки, применяемый во многих областях промышленности, относится к технологическим процессам с вредными условиями труда. Мониторинг производственной среды, определяющий, в какой степени работающий подвергается воздействию вредных факторов, и способствующий установлению связи заболевания с производственной деятельностью приобретает особую актуальность.</p><p>Цель исследования — проведение гигиенической оценки воздуха рабочей зоны при различных видах сварки, организации технологического процесса и на основе проведенных исследований выделение факторов риска здоровью сварщиков. Материалы и методы. Гигиенические исследования проводились на базе двух крупных предприятий машиностроения и судостроения Санкт-Петербурга и на более 30 отдельных сварочных участков предприятий Северо-западного региона в 2010-2018 гг.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что условия труда при проведении традиционных видов сварки определяются организацией рабочего места сварщика и видом сварки. Наиболее неблагоприятные условия при формировании воздуха рабочей зоны отмечаются при сварке крупногабаритных металлоконструкций, сварке в изолированных пространствах и резке металла, где существующие технические решения при установке локализующих систем вытяжной вентиляции недостаточно эффективны. Концентрации марганца в сварочном аэрозоле при его содержании до 20% достигают 1,6-2,9 мг/м3, оксида углерода — 32-61 мг/м3, диоксида азота — 0,8-1,6 мг/м3. Недооцененным фактором в работе сварщика является операция зачистки, сопровождающая большинство процессов сварки. Содержание абразивной пыли достигает 14,6 мг/м3. Оценен относительный профессиональный риск здоровью работающих по данным больничных листов в зависимости от возраста и стажа работы.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Решению вопроса минимизации факторов риска здоровью сварщиков при обеспечении безопасности воздуха рабочей зоны будут способствовать: внедрение передовых вентиляционных технологий, совершенствование сварочного оборудования, способов и материалов сварки, расширение применения лазерной сварки, внедрение эффективных средств индивидуальной защиты. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Preserving the health of the working population is a priority of state policy. The welding process, which is used in many areas of industry, refers to technological processes with harmful working conditions. Monitoring of the production environment, which determines the extent to which the worker is exposed to harmful factors and helps to establish the connection of a particular disease with production activities, is particularly relevant.</p><p>The aim of the study is to carry out a hygienic assessment of the air in the working area through the conducted studies, to identify risk factors for the health of welders, considering the peculiarities of forming air environment in various types of welding and the technological process organization.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Hygienic studies were carried out on the basis of two large enterprises of mechanical engineering and shipbuilding in Saint Petersburg and on more than 30 separate welding sites of enterprises in the North-West region in 2010-2018.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It is established that working conditions during traditional types of welding are determined by the organization of the welder’s workplace and the type of welding. The most unfavorable conditions for the formation of the air environment are characterized by welding of large-sized metal structures, welding in isolated spaces and metal cutting, where existing technical solutions for the installation of localized exhaust ventilation systems are not effective enough. Concentrations of manganese reach 1.6-2.9 mg / m3, carbon monoxide-32-61 mg/m3, nitrogen dioxide-0.8-1.6 mg/m3. An underestimated factor in the welder’s work is the stripping operation that accompanies most welding processes. The dust content reaches 15 mg/m3. The occupational health risk of employees was assessed based on the indicators of morbidity with temporary disability, depending on their age and work experience.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The implementation of advanced ventilation technologies, improvement of welding equipment, welding methods and materials, expansion of the use of laser welding, and introduction of effective personal protective equipment will help to minimize the risk factors for the health of welders while ensuring the safety of the air environment.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сварочные работы</kwd><kwd>виды сварки</kwd><kwd>условия труда</kwd><kwd>воздух рабочей зоны</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>welding operations</kwd><kwd>types of welding</kwd><kwd>working conditions</kwd><kwd>working area air</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stewart BW, Kleihues P, editors (2003). World cancer report, Lyon: IARC.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stewart BW, Kleihues P, editors (2003). 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