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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zurniimtpe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина труда и промышленная экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1026-9428</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8945</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-7-412-416</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zurniimtpe-1390</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Актуальность использования промышленных экзоскелетов для снижения количества профессиональных заболеваний опорно-двигательного аппарата верхней части тела</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The relevance of the use of industrial exoskeletons to reduce the number of occupational diseases of the musculoskeletal system of the upper body</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlov</surname><given-names>Igor A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Орлов Игорь Александрович, науч. сотр., рук. лаб. бионической робототехники, канд. физ.-мат. наук.</p><p>Миусская пл., 4, Москва, Россия, 125047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">i.orlov@keldysh.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алисейчик</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aliseychik</surname><given-names>Anton P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Миусская пл., 4, Москва, Россия, 125047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меркулова</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Merkulova</surname><given-names>Anastasia G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>пр-т Буденного, 31, Москва, Россия, 105275</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комарова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komarova</surname><given-names>Sofya V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>пр-т Буденного, 31, Москва, Россия, 105275</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белая</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belaya</surname><given-names>Оlga V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>пр-т Буденного, 31, Москва, Россия, 105275</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грибков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gribkov</surname><given-names>Dmitry A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Миусская пл., 4, Москва, Россия, 125047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подопросветов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podoprosvetov</surname><given-names>Alexey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Миусская пл., 4, Москва, Россия, 125047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павловский</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlovsky</surname><given-names>Vladimir E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефимов</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efimov</surname><given-names>Albert R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бетц</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bets</surname><given-names>Kristina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт прикладной математики им. М.В. Келдыша» РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда имени академика Н.Ф. Измерова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр робототехники ПАО «Сбербанк»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sberbank Robotics Laboratory</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>08</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>412</fpage><lpage>416</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Орлов И.А., Алисейчик А.П., Меркулова А.Г., Комарова С.В., Белая О.В., Грибков Д.А., Подопросветов А.В., Павловский В.Е., Ефимов А.Р., Бетц К.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Орлов И.А., Алисейчик А.П., Меркулова А.Г., Комарова С.В., Белая О.В., Грибков Д.А., Подопросветов А.В., Павловский В.Е., Ефимов А.Р., Бетц К.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Orlov I.A., Aliseychik A.P., Merkulova A.G., Komarova S.V., Belaya О.V., Gribkov D.A., Podoprosvetov A.V., Pavlovsky V.E., Efimov A.R., Bets K.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/1390">https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/1390</self-uri><abstract><p>В различных отраслях экономики тяжелый физический труд остается ведущим фактором риска получения травм, развития профессиональных и производственно обусловленных заболеваний, в том числе опорно-двигательного аппарата. Значительная доля патологий приходится на заболевания скелетно-мышечной системы плечевого пояса, приводящие к временной утрате трудоспособности, потере рабочего времени и увеличению экономических расходов. Применение промышленных экзоскелетов позволит повысить уровень автоматизации производственных операций и является актуальным в отраслях, где работник — неотъемлемая часть трудового процесса. Внедрение промышленных экзоскелетов позволит снизить тяжесть труда путем оптимального перераспределения нагрузки на различные части опорно-двигательного аппарата. Промышленный экзоскелет представляет собой внешнюю механическую несущую конструкцию, которая прикрепляется к телу человека с помощью манжет и предназначена для ассистирования при выполнении производственных движений. Наиболее эффективными для разгрузки мышц верхней части тела работника являются промышленные экзоскелеты, направленные на удержание тяжелого инструмента и поддержание оптимальной рабочей позы. Большинство доступных промышленных экзоскелетов, прошедших испытания на предприятиях, являются пассивными, в перспективе необходима разработка легких мобильных активных экзоскелетов с габаритами, оптимальными для рабочего пространства. Актуальным направлением исследований является обоснование и разработка требований к конструкции промышленных экзоскелетов, стандартизированных критериев и методов оценки их безопасности и эффективности защиты работника от воздействия физических перегрузок, являющихся вредным производственным фактором.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In various sectors of the economy, heavy physical labor remains a leading risk factor for injury, the development of occupational and occupational diseases, including musculoskeletal system. A signif cant proportion of pathologies are diseases of the musculoskeletal system of the shoulder girdle, leading to temporary disability, loss of working time and increased economic costs. T e use of industrial exoskeletons will increase the level of automation of production operations and is relevant in industries where the employee is an integral part of the labor process. T e introduction of industrial exoskeletons will reduce the burden of labor by optimal redistribution of load on various parts of the musculoskeletal system. T e industrial exoskeleton is an external mechanical support structure that at aches to the human body by means of cuf s and is designed to assist in performing production movements. T e most ef ective for unloading the muscles of the upper body of the employee are industrial exoskeletons aimed at holding a heavy tool and maintaining an optimal working posture. Most of the available industrial exoskeletons tested at the enterprises are passive, in the future it is necessary to develop light mobile active exoskeletons with dimensions optimal for the working space. T e actual direction of research is the substantiation and development of requirements for the design of industrial exoskeletons, standardized criteria and methods for assessing their safety and ef iiency of protecting the employee from the ef ects of physical overload, which is a harmful production factor.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>профессиональные заболевания</kwd><kwd>опорно-двигательный аппарат</kwd><kwd>физический труд</kwd><kwd>промышленные экзоскелеты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>occupational diseases</kwd><kwd>musculoskeletal system</kwd><kwd>physical labor</kwd><kwd>industrial exoskeletons</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект №18–71–10112)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">T e study was performed by a grant of Russian scientif c Foundation (project No. 18–71–10112).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eurofound: Sixth European Working Conditions Survey — Overview report (2017 update), Publications Of ie of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2017. ht ps://www.eurofound.europa.eu/sites/default/f les/ef_publication/f eld_ef_document/ef1634.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eurofound: Sixth European Working Conditions Survey — Overview report (2017 update), Publications Of ie of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2017. 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