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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zurniimtpe</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина труда и промышленная экология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1026-9428</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8945</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FSBSI “Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31089/1026-9428-2018-12-51-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zurniimtpe-1262</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эргономические качества графических пользовательских интерфейсов: состояние и эволюция</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ergonomic qualities of graphic user interfaces (GUI): state and evolution</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3176-5279</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанян</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanyan</surname><given-names>Ivan V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Степанян Иван Викторович, ст. науч сотр. лаб. профилактики нарушений репродуктивного здоровья работников ФГБНУ «НИИ МТ»; вед. науч. сотр. отдела «Вибрационная биомеханика» Института машиноведения им. А.А. Благонравова РАН, д-р биол. наук, канд. техн. наук.</p><p>пр-т Буденного, 31, Москва, 105275; Малый Харитоньевский пер., 4, Москва, 101990</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>senior researcher, Department of Prevention violations of workers’ reproductive health, IRIOH, leading researcher, Department “Vibration Biomechanics”, Institute of Engineering Science named after A.A. Blagonravov, Dr. Sci. Biol, Cand. Tech. Sci. </p><p>31, Budennogo Ave., Moscow, 105275; 4, Maly Kharitonyevsky ln, Moscow, 101990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">neurocomp.pro@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда им. академика Н.Ф. Измерова»; Институт машиноведения им. А.А. Благонравова Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health; Institute of Engineering Science named after A.A. Blagonravov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Степанян И.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Степанян И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stepanyan I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/1262">https://www.journal-irioh.ru/jour/article/view/1262</self-uri><abstract><p>Все большее количество работников значительную часть смены взаимодействуют с графическими пользовательскими интерфейсами (ГПИ). При низких эргономических качествах, а порой и неправильном использовании ГПИ возникает риск неблагоприятных эффектов для здоровья работника. Выявлены и классифицированы типичные сценарии использования ГПИ. Для разных видов ГПИ и операторских профессий характерны различные показатели нагрузок — как биомеханических, так и психофизиологических. Среди основных элементов ГПИ — наличие или отсутствие мыши или джойстика, интуитивная ясность, сбалансированная цветовая гамма, постоянство расположения графических элементов, степень удобства и др. Обзор ГПИ разных видов и анализ их характерных признаков показал возможность возникновения разных факторов профессионального риска. Выявлены некоторые эргономические проблемы, связанные с встраиванием ГПИ в разные информационные технологии и системы. Показана роль эргономических характеристик ГПИ для безопасной и эффективной работы оператора. Приведены примеры алгоритмов визуализации больших объемов информации для облегчения ее восприятия и анализа. Правильное применение интерактивных средств компьютерной визуализации при грамотном проектировании и соблюдении эргономических принципов будет способствовать оптимизации умственного труда при инновационной деятельности, а также сохранению здоровья операторов. К перспективным разработкам в данном направлении можно отнести эргономичные интерфейсы, построенные с соблюдением принципов информационной гигиены, технологии анализа больших данных и автоматически генерируемую когнитивную графику.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>More workers are involved into interaction with graphic user interfaces most part of the working shift. However, low ergonomic qualities or incorrect usage of graphic user interface could result in risk of unfavorable influence on workers’ health. The authors revealed and classified typical scenarios of graphic user interface usage. Various types of graphic user interface and operator occupations are characterized by various parameters of exertion, both biomechanical and psycho-physiological. Among main elements of graphic user interface are presence or absence of mouse or joystick, intuitive clearness, balanced palette, fixed position of graphic elements, comfort level, etc. Review of various graphic user interface and analysis of their characteristics demonstrated possibility of various occupational risk factors. Some disclosed ergonomic problems are connected with incorporation of graphic user interface into various information technologies and systems. The authors presented a role of ergonomic characteristics of graphic user interface for safe and effective work of operators, gave examples of algorithms to visualize large information volumes for easier comprehension and analysis. Correct usage of interactive means of computer visualization with competent design and observing ergonomic principles will optimize mental work in innovative activity and preserve operators’ health. Prospective issues in this sphere are ergonomic interfaces developed with consideration of information hygiene principles, big data analysis technology and automatically generated cognitive graphics.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>графические пользовательские интерфейсы</kwd><kwd>эргономика</kwd><kwd>когнитивная графика</kwd><kwd>информационная гигиена</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>graphic user interfaces</kwd><kwd>ergonomics</kwd><kwd>cognitive graphics</kwd><kwd>information hygiene</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бухтияров И.В., Денисов Э.И., Еремин А.Л. Основы информационной гигиены: концепции и проблемы инноваций. 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